Untitled1

	MOAMBE 2003 volume 168 number 1

	MATHEMATICS G. Khimshiashvili Topological Aspects of Random Polynomials Presented by Member of the Academy N.Vakhania, January 30, 2003 ABSTRACT. We introduce a class of random polynomials for which it is possible to estimate the mean value of topological degree of the gradient mapping. In particular, we estimate the rate of growth of mean gradient degree as the algebraic degree of random polynomial tends to infinity and in some cases find its exact value. Some applications and generalizations of these results are also discussed. Key words: Gaussian random variable, random polynomial, gradient mapping, Jacobian, topological degree, Euler characteristic. MATHEMATICS G. Tkebuchava, E. Kapanadze Jackson's Theorem for Wavelets under Integral Condition Presented by Member of the Academy L. Zhizhiashvili, February 4, 2003 ABSTRACT. In this paper the connections between modulus of continuity and property of wavelet expansions are investigated. Key words: modulus of continuity, wavelet projection. MATHEMATICS D. Gordeziani, G. Avalishvili On the Investigation of Dynamical Hierarchical Model of Multilayer Elastic Prismatic Shell Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy R. Bantsuri, February 4, 2003 ABSTRACT. The hierarchy of dynamical two-dimensional models of multilayer elastic prismatic shell is constructed. Existence and uniqueness of solution to the corresponding initial boundary value problem is proved, the rate of approximation of the solution to original problem by vector-function restored from the solution of reduced problem is estimated and shown, that it is proportional to certain degree of maximum of layers' thicknesses. Key words: multilayer prismatic shell, Fourier-Legendre series. MATHEMATICS P. Karchava On the n-Multiple Riemann-Stieltjes Integral Presented by Member of the Academy L. Zhizhiashvili, February 11, 2003 ABSTRACT. In the present paper the formula of integration by parts for n-multiple (n>3) Riemann-Stieltjes integral is established. Key words: Riemann-Stieltjes integral, integration by parts. MATHEMATICS N. Batsikadze



	A dimension Type Function of Zero-Set Spaces Presented by Member of the Academy N. Berikashvili, march 1, 2003 ABSTRACT. An analogous notion (zDind) of a dimension Dind, defined by Arkhangelski for topological spaces, is introduced for zero-set spaces. With the help of the obtained results for zDind (e.g. the addition theorem) similar to ones for dimensions dim and zInd, some new results for zInd are received. Key words: zero-set space, zIndX and zDindX dimensions. MATHEMATICS T. Aliashvili On Invariants of Random Planar Endomorphisms Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy E. Nadaraya, March 10, 2003 ABSTRACT. Random polynomials with independent identically distributed Gaussian coefficients are considered. In the case of random gradient endomorphism R²®R²the mean topological degree is computed and the expected number of complex points is estimated. In particular, the asymptotics of these invariants are determined as the algebraic degree of F tends to infinity. Key words: expected number, independent identically distribution, topological degree, random plend, complex points. MECHANICS Corr. Member of the Academy T. Iamanidze, M. Losaberidze, K. Ninidze, G. Silagadze Schemes of Numerical Realization of the Problems of Interaction between a System of Two Rigid Stamps and Elastic Semi-Plane Presented May 30, 2003 ABSTRACT. Numerical solution to a contact problem of the interaction between a system of two rigid stamps and elastic semi-plane for various stamps bases is given in terms of Cauchy kernel singular integrals and regular integrals. Numerical results are obtained by application of specially designed quadratures. Key words: elastic semiplane, stamps, Cauchy kernel singular integrals, quadratures. Cybernetics A. Toronjadze, Z. Kipshidze, G. Ananiashvili, A. Zhuzhunashvili Application of Game Theory to a Stock Market Model Presented by Member of the Academy V.Chavchanidze, February 11, 2003 ABSTRACT. We made use of the data base of US dollar sales at Tbilisi Interbank Currency Exchange Market to construct a game-theoretic model of a stock market. It is established that the market concordance process can be regarded as a game allowing to obtain the value of an optimal price. Key words: demand and supply functions, game theory, regression analysis, point of minimax and maximin, optimal price. CYBERNETICS G. Bolotashvili The Linear Ordering Problem



	Presented by Member of the Academy V. Chavchanidze, February 10, 2003 Abstract. A relaxation polytope has been studied to solve the linear ordering problem. Results obtained allows to construct the exact facet cuts. Key words: linear ordering polytope, facets, linear ordering problem. Cybernetics N. Nanobashvili Wholeness of the Form Perception at the Multilevel (Hierarchic) Coding and its Appendices Presented by Member of the Academy V. Chavchanidze, April 15, 2003 ABCTRACT. Wholeness of the form perception at multilevel (hierarchic) coding and its appendices are considered. All possible modifications and variants of the pattern are described by one and the same coding fragment. It is considered that namely specificity of images coding (multilevel coding) on the eye retina conditions the brain possibility to realize the process of wholeness of form perception, Gestalt. Irregular (stochastic) problems are solved with the aid of computers. Key words: wholeness of form perception, Gestalt, vision, "Artificial eye", data compression, artificial intelligence. PHYSICS A. Gerasimov, I. Lomidze, Z. Bokhochadze, T. Ratiani, Z. Samadashvili Mechanism of Formation and Decomposition of Precipitates in Semiconductors Presented by Member of the Academy T. Sanadze, December 24, 2002 Abstract. A new mechanism of formation and decomposition of precipitates is proposed in the paper considering the nature of interaction of impurity atoms with each other, with defects and regular atoms as well as the mechanism of migration of these atoms explaining number of experimental data. The mechanism is based on a new representation of migration and interaction of atoms. Key words: precipitates, impurity atoms, defects, migration. Physics S. Gotoshia Laser Raman-Spectroscopy of Ga_xAl_1-xP Epitaxial Films Presented by Member of the Academy T. Sanadze, January 26, 2003 Abstract. Raman-spectra study of Ga_xAl_1-xP epitaxial films showed that Ga_xAl_1-xP crystal belongs to two-mode behavior systems. Raman scattering study with various wavelength excitation enable us to detect weak resonance Raman-scattering in the proximity of fundamental direct transition and to estimate epitaxial films thickness. Key words: laser Raman-spectroscopy, resonance Raman-scattering, semiconductor epitaxial films. Physics D. Kakulia, R. Zaridze, K. Tavzarashvili Energy Determination of Scattered Field in 3D Diffraction Problems Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy A.Khelashvili, December 31, 2002



	Abstract. Numerical experiments play an important role in modern practical problems of applied electrodynamics. On the one hand optimization of numerical methods for solution of the problem in real time is actual and on the other hand, it is necessary to estimate system's energy characteristics and study their behavior, which allows to check the accuracy of solution in terms of balance. An effective method for calculation of energy characteristics in 3D diffraction problem is presented. Key words: Hertz dipole, power. Physics A. Bijamov, R. Zaridze, K. Tavzarashvili, G. Ghvedashvili Visualization of the Latent Body's Shape and Position Based on the Measured Scattered Field Presented by Member of the Academy T. Sanadze, December 10, 2003 ABSTRACT. The algorithm for the latent bodies' shape and position determining (SPD) based on the holographic principle using of the method of auxiliary sources is presented in this paper. The considered algorithm gives precise solution of the problem even for metallic or dielectric bodies having a complicated shape. We also consider the DSP of the immersed bodies. The numerical results are presented. Key words: visualization, field reconstruction, tomography. PHYSICS T. Pagava, Z. Basheleishvili, N. Maisuradze, E. Kutelia Dependence of Charging Condition Metastable Frenkel Pairs From Temperature of an Irradiation in Crystals n-Si Presented by Member of the Academy T. Sanadze, October 22, 2002 ABSTRACT. It is shown that primary radiation defects (RD) in n-type Si crystals in metastable state, i.e. in the process of their formation, in the temperature range 80-200^oC have opposite charges: vacancies are negative and interstinal atoms are positive. In the area of self conductance (T_irr=300^oC) vacancies turn into neutral state, which explains the absence of impact from external electric field e, applied to the sample in the process of irradation, on efficiency of introduction of the secondary RD. The life-time of primary RD in metastable state t, the distance between the components of Frenkel pairs l and drift mobility m of intestinal Si atoms at 220^oC are evaluated. These parameters occur to be as follows: t =10^-8s, l=5x10^-5cm and m=10²cm²/V s. Key words: silicon, primary radiation defects, charge state. Geophysics Z. Kereselidze, N. Zhonzholadze, N. Mebagishvili, V. Chichinadze, L. Darakhvelidze The Influence of Viscous Friction in the Polar Cusp on the Earth Rotation Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy T. Chelidze, December 3, 2002 Abstract. An axially symmetric hydrodynamic model of plasma flow at the cusp is proposed for estimating the effect of viscous friction between the magnetosphere and solar wind. Key words: solar wind, polar cusp, viscous friction, Earth rotation period, magnetosphere. GEOPHYSICS D. Kapanadze On the Solution Uniqueness of the Inverse Problem of the Potential Theory



	Presented by Member of the Academy B. Balavadze, February 4, 2003 ABSTRACT. In this paper uniqueness of solution of the inverse problem of the potential theory is proved for simply connected bounded piecewise smooth domains , if on the external boundary of the union there exists a smooth point for which the curvature Using the proven theorem the uniqueness of solution of the inverse problem of the potential theory is established for smooth, simply connected bounded domains. Key words: Inverse problem, domains, potential theory, generalized harmonic function, generalized Dirac function. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY R. Kublashvili, M. Labartkava Synthesis of N-glycosides on the Basis of p-Aminobenzoic Acid Butyl Ester Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy D.Ugrekhelidze, February 25, 2003 ABSTRACT. The N-glycosides on the basis of p-aminobenzoic acid butyl ester and D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, L-rhamnose, D-xylose, and L-arabinose are synthesized and characterized. Key words: p-aminobenzoic acid butyl ester, N-glycosides. Power Engineering V. Sherozia Commutation Transition for Silicon-Germanium Thermoelectric Generators Presented by Member of the Academy M. Salukvadze, May 14, 2003 Abstract. In this work the possibility of development of the commutation transition containing carbide antidiffusion layer using commutation tungsten electrode for Si_0.7Ge_0.3 alloy with minimal energy losses and more thermally stable as compared with the existing ones is considered. It is simple from the point of production technology. It is shown that the elaborated commutation transition at 970 K temperature guarantees thermoelectric battery's (TEB) exploitation during 6800 hours, and at 920 K temperature more than 10 000 hours what is 2.5-3 times more than for earlier elaborated analogous commutations without carbide layer. Key words: thermoelectrogenerator, thermoelectrobattery, thermoelement, commutation. BOTANY T. Girgvliani Svanetian Classification of Upper Svaneti Wheats Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy P. Naskidashvili, February 11, 2003 ABSTRACT. On the basis of folk biological classification of Georgian wheats, according to the principle of analogy, the Svanetian classification of upper Svaneti wheats has been done. It is considered that this classification had been developed in the epoch of matriarchy. Key words: folk classification, upper Svaneti, Georgian wheats. BOTANY M. Gaganidze-Svanidze Study of Germination and Biology of Some Medicinal Plants' Seeds



	Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G.Nakhutsrishvili, October 30, 2002 ABSTRACT. The influence of temperature on the seeds germination of plants: Hypericum perforatum L., Calendula officinalis L., Plantago major L. and Glycyrrhiza glabra has been studied. The temperature 30°C is found to be the best for the maximum germination of the seeds. The changeable temperature regime for seeds germination of Hypercum perforatum L., Plantago major L. and Calendula officinalis is 30°C during 8 h and 20°C during 16 h. The suitable temperature for germination of seeds of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. varies in the range of 10-35°C. There was studied the influence of stratification on germination of 6-8 months old seeds. The effective influence of the low temperature regime (1-4°C) on the seeds' short time (1 or 2 weeks) has been determined. To change the artificial stratification of seeds by arranging definite depth of sowing and time is possible. The best depth for sowing of the researched plants is 1-2 cm. Key words: seed, germination, stratification. BOTANY M. Mosulishvili A Taxonomic Revision of Koeleria (Gramineae) in Georgia Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy G. Nakhutsrishvili, December 3, 2002 ABSTRACT. The native Caucasian species of Koeleria have been studied. The work was based on herbarium specimens and material collected during field trips. The results have affected the taxonomic evaluation. This contribution includes identification keys for the species and subspecies, data on the geographic distribution, ecology and phenology. Key words: angiosperms, gramineae, Koeleria, taxonomy, identification key, distribution, ecology, The Caucasus, Georgia. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY E. Chkhubianishvili, G. Badridze, L. Kobakhidze, N. Razmadze, Sh. Chanishvili Influence of Short Wave Irradiation of the Spectrum on the Content of Total Proteins in Leaves and Seeds of Plants Presented by Member of the Academy N. Nutsubidze, February 11, 2003 ABSTRACT. Effect of different intensities of additional ultraviolet irradiation (from 2.4KJm^-2 till 47KJm^-2) on the content of total proteins in leaves and seeds of irradiated plants of soybean (Glycine hispida, Max.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum, L.) and maize (Zea mays, L.) has been investigated. In the leaves of chickpea and maize all variants of irradiation were stimulative for proteins synthesis, while in soybean only the middle and lower intensities did. The effect of additional UV irradiation on seeds mainly was inhibitory in all studied plants. Key words: total proteins, productivity, ultraviolet irradiation, soybean, chickpea, maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY L. Antadze, S. Shamtsian Effect of Acid Spraying on the Isoenzyme Spectra of Peroxidase in Some Oil-Plants Presented by Member of the Academy G. Sanadze, November 5, 2002 Abstract. By means of electrophoresis in polyacrilamide gel the isoenszyme spectra of peroxidase were studied in the leaves of some oil-plants. At the same time the biomass accumulation was measured, in order to determine the resistance of them to the effect and aftereffect of acid spraying. The plants were treated with 1N HCl water solution pH=2.5 in field, according to the proper experimental scheme. The species turned out to be sensitive (oil-flax, castorbean) and resistant (potmarigold) ones. The studied indices played different role in the



	estimation of the results. Key words: peroxidase spectra, spraying, oil-plants, resistance. Genetics and Selection I. Guledani Functioning of the Florigenes in the Squirting Cucumber and the Thermal Factor Presented by Member of the Academy P. Naskidashvili, February 21, 2003 Abstract. The florigenes of the squirting cucumber (Ecballium elaterium) begin expression 30 days after the seed germination. Female gene works when the temperature is +(15-25)^oC, male and female genes together at +(25-35)^oC, and only male gene at +(35-45)^oC. In the minimal thermal conditions in the initial sex cells X chromosome is active, in the optimal conditions X as well as Y chromosome is active and in the maximal thermal conditions only Y. Key words: therm, florigene, amplitude, amplification. genetics and Selection G. Geladze Hybrid Necrosis in Georgian Lemon Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy P. Naskidashvili, December 20, 2002 Abstract. Georgian Lemon (C. Limon var. georgia) has the genes of hybrid necroses expressed during the sporo, embryo and postembryogenesis. Some of necrobiotic seedlings can keep vitality when they are transplanted on the seedlings of Trifoliate (P. trifoliata Raf.). Among the necrobiotic seedlings there are varieties relatively resistant to frost and malsecco disease. Key words: necrobiosis, transplantation, mentor, ablactation. HUMAN AND ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY O. Kevlishvili, T. Petriashvili, N. Megrelishvili Correction of Disorders Developed in Cardiovascular System at Crash Syndrome Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy A. Asatiani, May 6, 2003 ABSTRACT. Early prevention of crash syndrome by means of Trental-Seduxen combination favours the increase of experimental animals resistance and reduces lethal cases number. It seems to be advisable the use of the studied preparations (Seduxen, Trental) or their analogues to avoid progress of considerable pathologic changes in cardiovascular system and increase of organism's resistance while performing rescue operations in the hearths of catastrophes and rendering the first aid to victims. Key words: crash syndrome, polydynamic syndrome of myocardium, resistance of animals, tranquilizer Seduxen, Trental. HUMAN AND ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY M. Dashniani, N. Chkhikvishvili, L. Bakradze, R. Aragveli, T. Naneishvili Regularity of Short-Term Spatial Memory Formation in 24-36 Months Old Children Presented by Member of the Academy, T. Oniani, May 27, 2003 ABSTRACT. Testing of inverted delayed reactions (IDR) with different procedures has shown that formation of correct responses in the IDR task by 24-36 months old children is linked with utilization of the so-called



	dead reckoning strategy within the egocentric system. Key words: spatial memory, child development, inverted delayed reactions, egocentric system, allocentric system. BIOPHYSICS G. Mrevlishvili, T. Tarielashvili, T. Mdzinarashvili, M.Tediashvili , D.Tushishvili Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Circular Dichroism Study of the Thermal Denaturation of the Bacteriophages Presented by Member of the Academy T.Chanishvili, March 17, 2003 ABSTRACT. The thermodynamic parameters of bacteriophage (Un-phage, with head size 950x650 Å and the contractile tail size 950x13Å) thermal denaturation and the conformational transition of ds-DNA during temperature-induced double helix release from phage capsid in solution were studied by using of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and circular dichroism (CD). The results indicate that the temperature induced release of ds-DNA from the phages with contractile tail is accompanied by C®B transition of double helix and the process proceeds without a drastic change in enthalpy. Key words: bacteriophages, phage genome (ds-DNA) release, C-B transition of ds-DNA, heat denaturation. Biophysics Z. Kuchukashvili, G. Davitaia, N. Avaliani, E. Lomidze, G. Khatisashvili, B. Arziani The Influence of Prostaglandins on Oxidative Metabolism of 3, 4-Benz(a)pyrene in Rat Liver Cell Microsomes Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy M. Gordeziani, December 17, 2002 ABSTRACT. It has been shown, that an action of prostaglandin E₂ both separately and together with 3,4-benz(a)pyrene causes decrease of cytochrome P450 level and monooxygenase activity, that apparently is a consequence of saturated fatty acids increase in lipid composition of cytochrome P450 microenvironment. Prostaglandin F_2arenders opposite influence to prostaglandin E₂ action in investigated samples that is probably connected with modification of lipid composition aside unsaturation. The effect of indometacine on decrease of a level of investigated parameters probably is conditined by suppression of cytochrome P450 dependent monooxygenase activity and the reaction of cooxygenation with participation of 3,4-benz(a)pyrene. Key words: benz(a)pyrene, prostaglandins, cytochrome P450, arachidonic acid, monooxygenase. BIOCHEMISTRY M. Gogoberidze, M. Gogava, Kh. Varsimashvili, M. Ramishvili, O. Buadze Correlation between Ultrastructure and Steroid Glycosides Content in Differentiated and Callus Tissue Cells of Yucca gloriosa Presented by Member of the Academy N.Nutsubidze, March 7, 2003 ABSTRACT. The content of biotechnologically valuable substances _ furostanol glycosides and tigogenin has been studied in different parts of plant reproduced via stimulating the stage morphogenesis of Yucca gloriosa callus culture. It is stated, that the process of secondary differentiation is accompanied by characteristic of intact plant reduction of the above mentioned compounds biosynthetic activity. The ultrastructural analysis showed a number of differences between the dedifferentiated tissue and regenerated from it plant cells, which was manifested in epigenetic changes during the biosynthesis of steroid glycosides. Key words: Yucca gloriosa, steroid glycosides, callus tissue, morphogenesis, cell ultrastructure. Microbiology and virology



	T. Suladze, M. Darsavelidze, Member of the Academy T. Chanishvili, M.Elizbarashvili, E. Burduli Investigation of Etiologic structure of Purulent-Inflammatory Infections Presented May 5, 2002 Abstract. 1047 clinical samples obtained from the different cities of Georgia (Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Rustavi) were investigated. 100 strains of Pseudomonas were isolated. Morpho-cultural and biochemical properties of freshly isolated strains of Pseudomonas were studied. The investigated Pseudomonas strains were divided into 5 species: P.aeruginosa- 74 strains, P fluorescens- 5 strains, P.putida- 8 strains, P. stutzeri- 6 strains, P.cepacia- 7 strains. 80% of newly isolated strains had a multiple resistance against antibiotics of 30 nominations. According to our investigation we have made the collection of antibiotic resistant strains of Pseudomonas. Key words: infection, phage, antibiotic, Pseudomonas. ZOOLOGY M. Murvanidze, T. Arabuli Carabodes intermedius Willmann, 1951 (Acari, Oribatida, Carabodidae) _ a New Species for the Caucasus Fauna Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy I. Eliava, February 19, 2003 ABSTRACT. Within the faunal researches in different regions of Georgia, Carabodes intermedius Willmann, 1951 is found for the first time for the Caucasus area. The new founded species differs from the already described ones with the shape of notogastral setae, which can be explained as a regional peculiarity. In our opinion, within the further researches the species from Georgian origin can be considered as a new subspecies. The new illustrative description of the species is given. Key words: Oribatida, the Caucasus, Georgia. EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE N. Mamamtavrishvili The Effect of Plaferon LB on Changes of Blood Electric-Paramagnetic Centres at Chronic Heart Failure Developed on the Background of Acute Myocardial Infarction Presented by Member of the Academy V. Bakhutashvili, March 10, 2003 ABSTRACT. The efficacy of preparation Plaferon LB, known as an antioxidative and immunomodulating means, has been studied in patients suffering with cardiac insufficiency developed on the background of acute myocardial infarction. It was revealed that Plaferon LB promotes restoration of balance between pro- and atioxidant systems, regulates intensity of oxidative processes and correspondingly improves the clinical course of the desease. Key words: cardiac insufficiency, Plaferon LB, acute myocardial infarction, blood electric-paramagnetic centres. Experimental medicine G. Alborov, M. Mshvidobadze Surgical Treatment of the Scoliosis Diseases in Children and Teenagers Presented by Member of the Academy N. Javakhishvili, December 14, 2002 ABSTRACT. The results of the vertebrae correction by the method of Harrington in 250 patients at the age of 7-16 with displastic scoliosis of III-IV degree (with the angle of curvature 50-130º) were generalized. The efficiency of the said method in teenagers (13-16 years old) with non-progressive forms of the scoliosis



	was established. The guarantee of success of operation in children under 12 with immature skeleton is application of the "memory-based" metal constructions for a step-by-step correction of vertebrae within the process of growth of the child without repeated surgical intervention. Key words: vertebrae, scoliosis, Harrington, correction, children, teenagers. EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE G. Megrelishvili, D. Dzidziguri, D. Kordzaia, E. Bakuradze On the Mechanisms of Inactivation of Early Response Genes at Cholestasis Presented by Member of the Academy V. Bakhutashvili, March 25, 2003 ABSTRACT. The effect of cholestasis on the expression of early response genes has been studied in white rat hepatocytes in conditions of hormonal disbalance (bilateral adrenalectomy). It is shown that on the 4th day after extirpation of adrenal glands, at an early stage of postresection regenerative growth of liver, the occlusion of the common bile duct does not affect transcription activity of genes controlling proliferation of hepatocytes (p>0.05), while at intact adrenal glands it significantly inhibits this process. It follows from the obtained results that breaking of signal transduction in the stimulated for proliferation hepatocytes as a result of occlusion is conditioned by the increase of corticosterone concentration in blood. Key words: cholestasis, early response genes, bilateral adrenalectomy, corticosterone. Experimental medicine E. Chikobava Role of Haloperidole and Trifluoperazine in Nadph-Induced Oxidative Damage of Liver and Cardiac Mitochondria Presented by Member of the Academy T. Oniani, March 25, 2003 Abstract. The widely used antipsychotic drugs, haloperidole and trifluoperazine (TFZ) inhibit NADPH-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO). Study of mitochondrial membrane fluidity revealed considerable disorganization in its architecture in the presence of NADPH, which can be restored back in the presence of haloperidol and TFZ. NADPH-dependent mitochondrial LPO is catalyzed by NADPH: cytochrome P₄₅₀reductase. These drugs inhibit the activity of this enzyme and also inhibit epinephrine autioxidation, by showing a prounounced autioxidative activity. TFZ always shows stronger inhibitory effect than haloperidole. TFZ contains a trifluromethyl group (CF₃) in its second position that gives rise to stronger electron abstraction tendency by which LPO and NADPH: cytochrome P₄₅₀ reductase activity is inhibited more potently than by haloperidole. Due to the stronger antioxidant property of TFZ, it can be prescribed as a better therapeutic agent, which plays a protective role for the cellular system. Key words: haloperidol, trifluoperazine, mitochondria, LPO, NADPH: cytochrome P₄₅₀ reductase, epinephrine autioxidation. ECOLOGY T. Chavchanidze, N. Naskidashvili, G. Meladze, M. Alelishvili The Study of Adsorption Qualities of Active Coals Received from Secondary Raw Materials of Dry Subtropical Cultures Presented by Member of the Academy G. Kvesitadze, January 28, 2003 ABSTRACT. Physico-chemical properties of active coals received from secondary raw materials of dry subtropical cultures have been studied. Their adsorbtion properties towards benzol and water vapours were determined. It has been stated that physical properties of these active coals almost did not differ from one another under similar conditions of their production and activation. Only adsorption properties of active coals



	received at a maximum activation are high and equal those reported in literature. In particular, benzol vapour adsorption of such activated coal equals 21.6 mmol/g, while water vapour adsorption is 3.3 mmol/g. Key words: active coal, adsorption. Ecology G. Magradze, M. Kakabadze, M. Nikolaishvili Effect of Power-Frequency (EMF) on Rats' Behavior and the Distribution of Free Aminoacids in Cerebral Cortex Presented by Member of the Academy K. Nadareishvili, December 3, 2002 ABSTRACT. The effect of exposure to 50 Hz frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) at 1.5 mT intensity on elaboration and remembering of passive avoidance reaction in rats as well as on the distribution of free amino-acids in cerebral cortex were studied. Statistically significant changes were shown in the distribution of free aminoacids after exposure which manifested themselves with different changes in rats' ability to remember passive avoidance reaction. Key words: rat, electromagnetic field (EMF), passive avoidance reaction. Ecology O. Abdaladze, M. Chiboshvili, T. Kurdadze Ecophysiological Adaptation Regularities in Alpine Early-Spring Ephemeroids in the Central and Minor Caucasus Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G. Nakhutsrishvili, March 10, 2003 Abstract. Some ecophysiological adaptation regularities in 9 species of alpine early spring ephemeroids have been studied in the Central and Minor Caucasus. Alpine ephemeroids are well adapted to the severe ecological conditions without forming any universal ecophysiological mechanisms. The overall situation in water supply was stable. The high level of water provision of the habitats and absence of any serious competition for soil moisture were observed. The studied species should be determined as light requiring. Due to the changeable illumination, the daily dynamics of net-photosynthesis was unstable, but strong net-photosynthesis depressions were rarely observed. In the forest glades the effective protective mechanisms against direct sunrays and overheating were found. At a clear midday rather high temperature difference between leaf and air indicates active metabolic processes. The ephemeroids are characterized by the ability for rapid reactivation of net-photosynthesis immediately after morning freezing. The temperature optimum for net-photosynthesis was fixed at the lower range and expressed those temperatures, which are mostly characteristic for early spring. Key words: Alpine ephemeroids, CO₂-gas exchange, water balance, biomass. ECOLOGY R. Mdivani Etiologic Peculiarities of some Mixed Infections of Vegetable Crops Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy M. Gordeziani, April 1, 2003 ABSTRACT. For today infectious diseases of plants are mostly regarded as monofactorial. However the majority of them are of a mixed character. It is clearly evidenced from the potato's bacterial disease "watery rot", recorded by us for the first time in Georgia which symptoms, pathogenesis and cultural-biochemical and physiological peculiarities of the agent have been thoroughly investigated. Present researches prove once more our supposition about the exceptional role of polyfactorial diseases (mixed infections) for the vegetable crops. In our opinion, while studying the agent of plant infections it is obligatory to take into consideration the unity of plant+infection+protection as one single system with account of inner structure (polyetiology) of the diseases. This approach is significant from the viewpoint of agroecology and its practical result is right plant protection system. Otherwise it is impossible to speak about heavy crops even against the background of other necessary factors.



	Key words: potato, mixed infection, Pseudomonas xanthochlora. ECOLOGY N. Labartkava, G. Supatashvili, N. Loria Chemical and Ecological Investigation of the River Lukhuni Gorge (Upper Racha) Presented by Member of the Academy G. Tsintsadze, February 17, 2003 ABSTRACT. Distribution of arsenic has been studied in the region of extraction and processing of arsenic sulphide ores (Upper Racha, riv. Lukhuni gorge). In contrast to soils after stopping production the content of arsenic has significantly decreased in river water, suspended matter and bottom sediment. Wash-out of anthropogenic arsenic from the soils under the influence of natural factors will take several decades. Key words: arsenic, arsenic sulphide ore, eolian emission, riv. Lukhuni gorge. Economics M. Kvaratskhelia The Process of Formation of National Economics in Post-Socialist Countries Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy V. Papava, April 15, 2003 Abstract. In the beginning of the 90s, when on the whole post socialist territories of the former Soviet Union the question about formation of new models of economic development arose, Georgia was left in the system crisis. All the unfavorable tendencies made the economics intensively search for the ways of going out of the crisis. Elaboration of strategy and tactics of economic development of the republic as subjective and organizational factors have become especially topical nowadays. Priority spheres of economics development have been identified. Key words: economic development, Georgia. Economics L. Grigalashvili Issues of Perfection of Book Keeping of Transactions in Foreign Currency Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy A. Silagadze, May 20, 2003 Abstract. The work considers the urgent issues of book keeping of transactions carried out in foreign currency. The work confirms the expediency of elaboration of the relevant standard of registration of currency transactions, in which the following terms are precisely explained: "currency rate", "rate difference", "monetary items", "non-monetary items", "date of performing of a currency transaction", etc. The author presents the methodology of book keeping of transactions carried out in foreign currency and the rules of reflection of results caused through the change of rate difference in "gain-loss" report. Key words: Foreign currency, exchange rate, monetary items, rate difference. Economics A. Abralava An Impact of Global Technological Space on the Development of Georgian Economy Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy L.Chikava, May 20,2003



	Abstract. In conditions of the formation of global technological space none of the national technological systems can exist and develop independently. The formation of this space does not diminish technological differentiation existed between countries. Therefore it is obligatory for the developing countries to create the conditions for mass mastering of progressive technologies. The international technological fund is to be created to finance the programs designed to raise technological level of the countries like Georgia. Key words: global technological space, technological breakthrough. Economics G. Erkomaishvili Franchise Development Opportunities in Georgia Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy V. Papava, February 11, 2003 Abstract. Transition to market economy gave rise to all three forms of franchise _ production, trade and licensing ones. In the initial stage, franchise may assume the following form: foreign franchiser _ Georgian franchise. Afterwards, once large and well-known local companies will have been emerged (e.g. Kazbegi), they would assume the role of a franchiser and this model could be spread across the country. Key words: franchise, restructurization economy. Economics L. Mamulashvili Objectives of Entrepreneurship Development in the Region Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy L.Chikava, May 28, 2003 Abstract. We consider specific objectives of enterprise in the region, which are conditioned by regional policy, complex of small and average enterprises, level of development of market relations, etc. An analysis of various factors acting on enterprise environment is done. Key words: enterprise, profit, structures. Linguistics M. Glonti The Terms Fable and Parable in "The Wisdom of Fiction" by Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G. Kvaratskhelia, June 3, 2002 Abstract. In the present work the author tries to distinguish different lexical-semantical and artistic functions of two Georgian terms araki and igavi meaning fable and parable, compared and used by Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani in his "The Wisdom of Fiction" and "Georgian Dictionary". Key words: fable, parable, Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani. Linguistics N. Chichua Major sub-Schemata: their "Competitiveness", Synergy and Cognitive-Pragmatic Effectiveness of Discourse (English-language periodicals, print media texts) Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G. Kvaratskhelia, May, 16, 2003



	Abstract. The article summarizes the results of our study of discourse schemata. We have identified nine major sub-schemata relevant to the interpretation as well as micro and macro level coherence of essays and articles published in English-language periodicals Time, Foreign Affairs, the Economist, Newsweek (by S. Huntington, F. Fukuyama and other authors), demonstrating the "hybrid" nature of the said type of texts. Given this diversity of the potentially relevant schemata-types on "the menu" (we could suggest even a more fine-grained taxonomy), we place special emphasis on the crucial relevance of the cognitive-pragmatic effectiveness of discourse as a key intentional factor explaining the selection and activation of particular sub-schemata from the potential "list", their synergy and interaction (overlapping, mutual textual infiltration), including "competitiveness" in terms of "taking the floor" or rather, the foreground of discourse, as well as their ultimate integration into a more or less explicit, cognitively and pragmatically effective "umbrella schema" of discourse. Key words: English-language periodicals, discourse, nine major cognitive sub-schemata, "competitiveness", synergy, "overlapping", integration, "hybrid umbrella schema", cognitive-pragmatic effectiveness. Philology N. Ratiani On Interpreting of One Colour in Homer's "Odyssey" Presented by Member of the Academy Z. Alexidze, December 31, 2002 Abstract. Translating some words from one language to another translators meet certain difficulties, especially, when the word has several meanings. For example, the word "purple" in Homer's works, expresses a dark red, black, white multicolour. In our opinion, the word "purple" as an epithet of the ball in the "Odissey" should be translated as the colour of the Sun, as it is related to certain solar ritual. Key words: purple, fire, blood, ball, solar rituals. PHILOLOGY I. Ratiani Utopia and Anti-Utopia _ the Eternal Bond in Life and Literature Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy E. Khintibidze, February 3, 2003 ABSTRACT. We have analyzed the relation between the two deferent types of thinking _ utopian and anti-utopian _ on the background of human history and basic literary processes. Utopian and anti-utopian types of thinking from the very beginning were bond as contradiction alternatives and likewise were established in the art and literature. The ideological opposition between the utopian and anti-utopian genres of literature was well expressed in the 20-th century literature. Key words: utopia, anti-utopia, alternative, literary genre. History A. Diasamidze Grigol Gurieli's National Liberation Activity in Batumi District Presented by Member of the Academy M.Lordkipanidze, May 22, 2003 Abstract. Grigol Gurieli (1819-1891) is one of the leaders of national-liberation movement in the south-west of Georgia (Ajara). The end of the 19th century was the most complex period in the political history of Georgia. Part of the old Georgian territory was liberated from Ottoman Turkey as a result of Russia-Turkey war in 1819-1891. G.Gurieli's fruitful work on the post of the head of the Batumi district has been traced on the basis of documentary material. He did much for Georgian Muslim population being returned to their motherland to start new life. Key words: national liberation movement, G. Gurieli. History of Science

G. Lobjanidze

Cupping _ an Ancient Method of Treatment in Georgian Traditional (Folk) Medicine

Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy N. Tatishvili, November 26, 2002

ABSTRACT. We have examined the materials of scientific expeditions studying Georgian traditional (folk) medicine and the manuscripts concerning Georgian classical medicine of Middle Ages. It turned out that in Old Georgian medicine the method of treatment by cupping went through three phases of development. In the first phase, a horn ventouse was used. In the second phase, utensils were used as a cupping-glass and finally, in the third phase, cupping-glasses were very similar to modern versions. The so-called "wax ventouse" represents an extraordinary version of a cupping-glass. Century-old traditions of Georgian folk medicine preserved it in its initial form. Our arguments prove that treatment by wax ventouse was mainly used to treat chronic purulent otitis media.

Key words: cupping, cupping-glass, wax ventouse.