MOAMBE
2003
volume 168 number 2
MATHEMATICS
Corr. Member of the Academy D. Baladze, G. Romanadze
Parametric Canonical Homology and Cohomology Groups of Arbitrary Metrizable Space over Pairs of Copresheaves and Presheaves, Respectively
Presented April 8, 2003
ABSTRACT. Relative canonical parametric homology and cohomology groups of arbitrary metrizable space over the pairs of copresheaves and presheaves are explained. For these groups a theorem of duality is proved. Furthermore, basing on epimorphism of pairs of presheaves (copresheaves) there are constructed exact and semiexact cohomological (homological) sequences which estimate relative canonical parametric (cohomology) homology groups over the pairs of presheaves (copresheaves) by means of relative canonical parametric (cohomology) homology groups.
Key words: pairs of presheaves and copresheaves, homological and cohomological groups.
MATHEMATICS
G. Avalishvili
Problem of Exact Controllability of I. Vekua System for Elastic Plates
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy E. Nadaraya, February 18, 2003
ABSTRACT. In the present paper problem of exact controllability of I. Vekua system for prismatic shells is studied and proved, that in suitable spaces mentioned dynamical system is exactly controllable.
Key words: models of elastic plates, exact controllability.
G. Bibileishvili
On Configuration Spaces of Planar Polygons and Graphs
Presented by Member of the Academy N.Berikashvili, August 24, 2002
ABSTRACT. We describe the topological structure of two-dimensional configuration spaces of certain planar polygons and graphs. In particular, we show that there exist graphs with two-dimensional configuration spaces of arbitrarily big genus.
Key words: configuration space, Euler characteristic, genus, polynomial mapping, mapping degree, bifurcation diagram.
B. Broda, G. Duniec
Topological Aspects of the Non-Abelian Stokes Theorem
Presented by Member of the Academy G. Kharatishvili, July 15, 2003
ABSTRACT. The existence of isotopy for practical implementation of the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for topologically nontrivial knots, also with possible intersections, is proved. A problem of generalization to a more general 3-manifold M3, and the issue of links and of stability is solved.
Key words: Stokes theorem, gauge theory, Seifert surface, product integration.
Mathematics
D. Khiladze
Some Properties of Bx(D) Semigroups Defined by Semilattices of S3(X,4) and S4(X,4) Classes
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy D. Baladze, April 8, 2003
ABSTRACT. In this paper, maximal subgroups and idempotent elements of Bx(D) semigroups, defined by semilattices of S3(X,4) and S4(X,4) classes are described. In case of finite X set calculation formulae for idempotent elements are reduced.
Key words: idempotent elements, semigroups, semilattices.
MATHEMATICS
N. Lazrieva, G. Meladze, T. Toronjadze
Continuous Semimartingale with Small Noise.
CULAN Estimates of Multidimensional Parameter
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy E. Nadaraya, April 15, 2003
ABSTRACT. Properties of CULAN estimates of multidimensional parameter in drift term of continuous multidimensional semimartingale with small noise is studied.
Key words: multidimensional parameter estimates, drift, continuous semimartingale.
MATHEMATICS
G. Bareladze
On the Unconditional Summability of Multidimensional
Functional Series
Presented by Member of the Academy L.Zhizhiashvili, July 8, 2003
ABSTRACT. The theorem concerning the unconditional summability by Česaro method of multidimensional functional series is stated. In particular, it follows that a multiple trigonometric series unconditionally summable by Česaro method, is the Fourier series.
Key words: multidimensional series, unconditional convergence, summability.
mathematics
A. Ambroladze, V. Bugadze, H. Wallin
On a Property of the Separable Double Haar Wavelet
Presented by Member of the Academy L. Zhizhiashvili, April 29, 2003
ABSTRACT. A property of double Haar wavelet coefficients of composite functions is established.
Key words: double Haar wavelet, Fourier coefficients, composite functions.
MATHEMATICS
A. Shangua
Some Remarks on Weak Convergence in a Banach Space
Presented by Member of the Academy N. Vakhania, July 21, 2003
Abstract. In terms of almost surely convergence in weak topology in a Banach space a characterization of finite-dimensionality of the space is obtained. An analogy of Kolmogorov's three series theorem for the weak topology convergence in Banach spaces is given.
Key words: Banach space, weak topology, convergence almost surely.
mathematics
N. Inassaridze
n-fold Čech Derived Functors of Group Valued Functors
Presented by Member of the Academy H. Inassaridze, April 29, 2003
ABSTRACT. The notion of n-fold Čech derived functors of group valued functors are introduced and their relation with non-abelian derived functors is established.
Key words: Čech derived functors, n-cube, n-presentation, cosheaf.
MATHEMATICS
G. Giorgadze
On the Existence of Irreducible Connections and its Application
Presented by Member of the Academy G.Kharatishvili, June 30, 2003.
ABSTRACT. We consider irreducible connections on a parabolic semistable vector bundle of parabolic degree zero and prove that such connection gives a complete set of logical gates for monodromic quantum computation.
Key words: semistable bundle, irreducible connection, logarithmic singularity, monodromy representation, holonomy group, control, quantum computation.
Physics
G. Baramidze, Member of the Academy G. Kharadze
Temperature Width and Spin
Structure of Superfluid 3He-A1
in Aerogel
Presented September 2, 2003
Abstract. The influence of spin-exchange scattering centers on the triplet Cooper pairing is considered to explore the behavior of superfluid 3He in high porosity aerogel containing 3He atoms localized at the surface of silica strands. The homogeneously located and isotropically scattering system of spin-polarized "impurity" centers is adopted as a simple model to investigate the contribution of spin-exchange scattering chanel for quasiparticles to the formation of non-unitary superfluid A1-phase in aerogel environment. It is demonstrated that an interference between the potential and exchange parts of quasiparticle scattering against spin-polarized "impurity" centers can change considerably the temperature width and the spin structure of A1-phase in aerogel.
Key words: superfluid, aerogel, scattering.
Physics
S. Gotoshia
Laser Raman-Spectroscopy of Mixed GaxAl1-xP Crystals Synthesized by Aluminum Ion Implantation
Presented by Member of the Academy N. Tsintsadze, May 14, 2003
Abstract. By hot implantation of aluminum in GaP a ternary semiconductor GaxAl1-xP has been synthesized for the first time. The identification of the above mentioned mixed semiconductor in the amorphous as well as in the crystalline phases has been carried out by laser Raman spectroscopy. Compositions of synthesized compounds have been estimated using calibration curves.
Key words: Raman scattering, ion implantation, semiconductors.
Physics
N. Kuchava, E. Ginturi, V. Kintsurashvili
Neutron Activation Analysis of Blue-Green Algae Spirulina Platensis Determination of Magnesium and Copper
Presented by Member of the Academy N.Tsintsadze, April 1, 2003
Abstract. The method of instrumental neutron activation analysis is employed to determine magnesium and copper content in Spirulina platensis biomass, which is biologically active supplement to food, medicinal remedies and dietetic foodstuff. To perform the irradiation of the freeze-dried samples of algae biomass the neutron multiplicator of average power (subcritical assembly PS-1) is used, where neutron flux in the vertical channel amounts to 2.3·106n/cm2sec.
Key words: neutron multiplikator, activation analysis, Spirulina platensis.
PHYSICS
A. Gerasimov, G. Chiradze, T. Ratiani
On the Mechanism of the Magnetomechanic Effect
Presented by Member of the Academy J. Lominadze, May 14, 2003
ABSTRACT. The paper presents the mechanism enabling the explanation of the decrease of microhardness of materials as a result of the influence by magnetic field (magnetomechanic effect - MME) with all the characteristic phenomena connected with this effect. It has been manifested that the decrease of microhardness is due to the redistribution of electrons between the bonding and antibonding levels (or zones) of initial defects (impurities), resulting in the increase of the quantity of the electrons on the antibonding levels (zones).
Key words: microhardness, magnetomechanic effect.
PHYSICS
D. Garuchava, S. Mikeladze, V. Paverman, K. Sigua
The Propagation of Relativistically Intense Laser Pulse in Inhomogeneous Plasmas
Presented by Member of the Academy, N.Tsintsadze, May 27, 2003
ABSTRACT. The evolution of initially sufficiently asymmetric super-strong laser pulse propagating in transparent cold inhomogeneous plasma is studied. The different profiles of the inhomogeneity are investigated.
Key words: inhomogeneous plasmas, laser pulse, self-focusing.
Astronomy
R. Natsvlishvili
On the Microwave Radiation of the Universe
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy J.Lominadze, June, 10, 2003
ABSTRACT. Isotropic radio emission adequate to microwave equilibrium 30K temperature (more exactly 2.70K) is considered as a radiation generated by possible discrete sources at an earlier stage of the Universe evolution. Presumable conditions of its producing and the mechanism for transformation of the primary radiation are analyzed.
Key words: Universe expansion, 3K-radiation, gravitational lensing.
Geophysics
Z. Khvedelidze, N. Pavlenishvili, R. Danelia, N. Ramishvili
The Nonlinear Model for Determining Vertical Velocity with the Consideration of Relief Features
Presented by Member of the Academy B. Balavadze, March 11, 2003
Abstract. To study the compound behaviour of the vertical velocity of air, "triangular" method is presented. The multiyear meteorological data from arbitrarily selected stations are statistically estimated. The vector quantities are calculated for the certain region. The non-linear hydrothermodynamic system of equations is applied. The gradients of the main values are evaluated by the mentioned method. The calculated magnitudes are coherent to the observed data (the difference falls in the interval of 10-20%). The elaborated value of the vertical velocity is later used for solving the transfer equation of air mixture. This procedure provides the consideration of the region's relief. The obtained calculating formulas and the method could be used for any other region.
Key words: vertical velocity, nonlinear model, turbulent motion.
GEOPHYSICS
T. Toroshelidze, G. Didebulidze, B. Chichinadze, M. Vardosanidze
Long-Term Study of the Water Vapour Absorption Band in Twilight
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy R. Kiladze, April 15, 2003
Abstract. The results of measurement of the water vapor absorption band (1-3-1) in 650 nm spectral region according to twilight spectrographic observations of 1960-2002 at the Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory (41.8° N; 42.8° E) are given for the solar depression angle of 4°- 10°. Vertical distributions, averaged seasonal variations and long-term trends of the water vapor content at heights from 15 up to 100 km are investigated. It is shown that the variation of the water vapor content in the mesosphere is mainly controlled with the solar cycle and mesospheric dynamics and in the stratosphere the methane content of the atmosphere influences on long trend H2O.
Key words: water vapor, stratosphere-mesosphere, trends.
Hydrology
A. Gelutashvili
Application of Nontraditional Natural Porous Material in Hydraulic Engineering Constructions
Presented by Member of the Academy Ts. Mirtskhoulava, February 25, 2003
Abstract. Nontraditional, natural porous materials used in the building of hydraulic engineering objects instead of traditional ones are more effective from the economic and ecologic viewpoint that gives real opportunity of their wide-scale application in the practice.
On the basis of local inertial materials and polymers the new porous filter elements are developed. The agglopearlite and slag (Okami deposits) are used as filler material components and polyether resin as a binder or epoxy resin, together with hardener modifier and solvent. The technology of the material preparation was developed.
The conducted investigations show that it is appropriate to use the porous pile as blocks and pipe-like drainage elements in the hydraulic engineering constructions.
Key words: porous material, pile.
General and INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
R. Gigauri, T. Lobzhanidze, M. Rusia, N. Chochia
Synthesis and Some Properties of Tetrabromocadmiates(II) of Iodomethylenetrialkyl(aryl)arsenates
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy Sh. Samsoniya, April 29, 2003
Abstract. The interaction of iodomethylenetrialkyl(aryl)arsenate with cadmium bromide in aqueous-alcohol solution, in the presence of surplus of potassium bromide has been studied. It has been shown that mixligand acid-complexes are formed and it is almost impossible to separate them. Pure tetrabromocadmiates(II) have been obtained by the reaction of iodmethylenetrialkyl(aryl)arsenate nitrates with tetrabromocadmiates without isolation in an individual state.
Key words: tetraiodocadmiates, nitrates, iodide, complex.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
R. Kublashvili, M. Labartkava
N-Glycosylation of Isomeric Aminobenzoic Acids by Glucose and Mannose
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy D.Ugrekhelidze, March 17, 2003
ABSTRACT. The N-glycosylation of isomeric aminobenzoic acids by glucose and mannose is studied. The appropriate N-glycosides are synthesized and characterized.
Key words: isomeric aminobenzoic acids, glucose, mannose, N-glycosides.
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
R. Kvaratskhelia, E. Kvaratskhelia
Electroreduction of Oxoacids of Halogens at the d-Metals Electrodes
Presented by Member of the Academy J.Japaridze, April 15, 2003
Astract. Voltammetry of HIO3, H5IO6 and HBrO3 at the electrodes from Ta, Ni, Pt in aqueous solutions has been studied. The peculiarities of electrochemical behaviour of these acids at the d-metals electrodes (in comparison with the case of the sp-metals electrodes) have been shown and explained.
Key words: voltammetry, electrode, wave, potential, iodic acid, periodic acid.
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
D. Gabunia, O. Tsagareishvili, G. Darsavelidze, D. Lezhava, M. Antadze, L. Gabunia
Effect of Annealing on Physical-Mechanical Properties of b -Boron Crystals Modified with 10B Isotope
Presented by Member of the Academy G. Gvelesiani, September 8, 2003
ABSTRACT. The paper presents the results of high-temperature annealing of b-boron specimens modified at 1500oC; microhardness, shear modulus and thermal conductivity of the specimens increase while lattice parameters, thermal expansion and internal friction maxima at 300 and 400-450 oC show a tendency of decreasing.
Key words: boron, isotope, lattice parameter, microhardness, thermal conductivity, internal friction.
Pharmacochemistry
N. Tabatadze, R. Elias, V. Mshvildadze, E. Ollivier, G. Balansard
Qualitative and Quantitative HPLC Analysis of Triterpene Saponins from the Roots of Cephalaria gigantea
Presented by Member of the Academy E. Kemertelidze, July 29, 2003
Abstract. High performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of the triterpene saponins in the raw material and in the purified extract of Cephalaria gigantea. HPLC profiles and quantification of major saponin – giganteoside G were realized. The giganteoside G content in the purified extract and in the raw material of Cephalaria gigantea was 14.8% and 1.21%, respectively.
Key words: Cephalaria gigantea, Dipsacaceae, triterpene saponin, HPLC, anti-epileptic remedy.
PETROLOGY
B.D. Clarke, A. Okrostsvaridze
The First Data on the Investigation of Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr
Izotopic Systems of Dzirula Salient Gneisses Quartz-Diorites
of the Black Sea-Transcaucasian Terrain
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy D. Shengelia, April 22, 2003
Abstract. The Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr izotopic systems of the Dzirula salient gneisses quartz-diorites of the Black Sea - Transcaucasian terrain have been studied. It is established that these rocks represent hybrid mantle-crust genesis metaluminium formations (A/CNK=1.02; ISr= 0.70440 – 0.70442; ONd =-0.768034 – -2.195080), in the composition of which the amount of mantle material ranges in average within 50-60%. Modal age of the oldest components of these rocks (TNd) is determined as 2370±600 Ma. The mantle-crust hybridism and crystallization period of gneisses qaurtz-diorite, which took place at the stage pre-collizion of orogen evolution, is dated as 686±74 Ma.
Key words: terrain, quarts-diorite, orogen, mantle-crust.
Metallurgy
Th. Namicheishvili, J. Lortkipanidze, Z. Melashvili
The Choise of Material for Rollers of Special Isothermic Rolling Mill Installation
Presented by Member of the Academy R.Adamia, July 15, 2003
ABSTRACT. On the basis of BC-2 rolling mill the equipment of isothermic rolling is created, principle units of which are the mill and electric contact heating system. The isothermic process and constructive changes, in particular the use of thermal compensator and prestressed system give possibility to obtain precise geometrical measures of wing profiles. In the proposed equipment rollers play a role of both deforming instrument and electrode. So rollers material must satisfy additional conditions of thermic, electric conductivity and wear resistances.
Cr-Ti-C alloy (8-25% Ti, 1-2.5% C and the rest is Cr) satisfies the mentioned requirements best.
Key words: isothermic rolling, thermic resistance, wear resistance.
Automatic control and computer engineering
Corr. Member of the Academy R. Khurodze, I. Kakubava, N. Svanidze
Closed Multichannel Queuing System with Two Types of Service: a Model of Multiunit Standby
Presented May 26, 2003
Abstract. Nonexponential model of closed multichannel queuing system with two types of service is considered. Stand-by system with repairable units, with several switching facilities and one repair facility is researched. An analytical model is received.
Results that are obtained by considering a special case for fixed number of operating and standby units and of switching facilities may help to calculate and evaluate the efficiency and reliability characteristics of real technical systems.
Key words:
Automatic control and computer engineering
V. Mdzinarishvili
Transition of Reversible Microscopic Equations into Macroscopic Irreversible Equations of Stochastic Mechanics (Multidimensional Case)
Presented by Member of the Academy V. Chichinadze, December 24, 2002
Abstract. Soliton approach to the problem of transition of microscopic reversible equations into irreversible macroscopic equations is proposed.
Key words: transition, equation, multidimensional, solution, diffusion.
Soil Science
G. Margvelashvili, I. Natroshvili, T. Dzadzamia
Bioindication of New Compound Forms of Phosphorus Fertilizers for Shiraki Chernozem
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy T. Urushadze, June 14, 2002
Abstract. The utulization of new compound forms of phosphorus fertilizers in the Shiraki chernozem soils promotes quantitative increasing of main physiological groups of microorganisms and enhances the processes initiated by them. Among the different variants polyphosphorus fertilizers are distinguished by the highest stimulant effect on biological activity of soil.
Key words: soil biology, fertilizer, phosphor, bioindication.
Soil Science
G. Gogichaishvili
Classification and Diagnostic Indices for More Precise Definition of Eroded Soils
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy T. Urushadze, July 4, 2000
Abstract. Our results show that the method of percentage decrease of humus content for identification of different degrees of eroded soils is used as an additional one. For mountainous countries it is better to use four gradations of eroded soils: the slightly eroded soil where the humus content decreases by 10-15% in 0-25 or 0-50 cm depth of soil; the moderately eroded soils where humus content decreases from 15 to 45% in the same layer of soil, strongly eroded soils when humus content decreases by 45-70% and the very strong eroded soils when A decreases by more than 70%.
Key words: eroded soils, soil erosion, classification of eroded soils.
PLANT GROWING
N. Janjgava, M. Kardava, Member of the Academy T. Andronikashvili, N. Khazaradze
Efficiency of Natural Zeolites and Organic-Zeolite Fertilizers in Garlic Growing
Presented May 22, 2003
ABSTRACT. It was proved that the zeolite-containing rocks, such as phillipsite and clinoptilolite, as well as their mixture with poultry manure favor the increase of garlic yield and improvement of biometric indices of garlic bulbs. Experiments carried out in field conditions showed that by their positive effect on the plant growth and development these zeolites are more efficient than mineral fertilizers.
Key words: garlic, clinoptilolite, phillipsite, poultry manure, yield.
BOTANY
T. Girgvliani
On the Folk Classification of the Aboriginal Wheat Forms
of Upper Svaneti
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy P. Naskidashvili, March 1, 2003
ABSTRACT. The folk grouping of the existing Svanetian wheat forms, following the different morphological features, has been done. From this classification it is clear that it arose on the background of the practical approach of folk selection. From its side the folk selection and classification was based on the usual farmer’s observation.
Key words: morphological features, folk classification, Georgian wheat.
Botany
M. Mosulishvili, Z. Manvelidze, N. Memiadze, S. Okropiridze
New Location of Rare Snowdrop Galanthus krasnovii (Amaryllidaceae) in Georgia
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G. Nakhutsrishvili, October 8, 2002
ABSTRACT. New location of rare snowdrop - Galanthus krasnovii was found in Ajara, in south-western Georgia. Population of this species near vill. Cholati is the largest among the all known natural populations of G. krasnovii. New location of this poorly known and rarely recorded species is very important for maintenance of biodiversity and species conservation.
Key words: Angiosperms, Amaryllidaceae, Galanthus krasnovii, new location, Ajara, south-west Georgia, biodiversity.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
N. Keburia, G. Alexidze
New Lectin-Like Peptides from Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) Fruits: Isolation and Some Properties
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy D.Jokhadze, April 8, 2003
ABSTRACT. New lectin-like peptides characterized by hemagglutinating activity to rabbit trypsin-treated erythrocytes but not to rabbit and human native erythrocytes have been isolated from the mistletoe (Viscum album L.) fruits. These peptides of approx. 8 and 5±2 kDa molecular masses are heat-resistant and do not exhibit specificity towards simple carbohydrates.
Key words: mistletoe, fruit, lectin, peptide, hemagglutinating activity.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Sh. Chanishvili, G. Badridze, M. Dolidze, T. Barblishvili
Effect of Carbamide on Photosynthesis and Transport of Assimilates in Grapevine
Presented by Member of the Academy N. Nutsubidze, April 8, 2003
ABSTRACT. Influence of carbamide on leaf’s photosynthetic activity and assimilates transport, also on other physiological indices in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. var. “Rkatsiteli”) has been studied. It was revealed, that dipping the middle or lower zone leaves in carbamide 1% solution stimulated their photosynthetic activity, just 6h after affecting, in both zone leaves. During the first 24h after treating, the amount of starch in experimental leaves decreased. But in further 72 h the level of starch, proteins and specific weight of leaves increased on the background of high photosynthetic activity. This indicated the fact, that leaves were “working for themselves”. So at the beginning carbamide had stimulated leaf’s source function, but later it helped to improve the functional conditions of leaf. Carbamide stimulated photoassimilates transport from the leaf during the first 24h after treating.
Key words: carbamide, photosynthesis, assimilates transport, starch, grapevine.
GENETICS AND SELECTION
Corr. Member of the Academy V. Papunidze, D. Baratashvili
Repair Processes in the Cells of Treated with Mutagens Tea Plant Seeds after Prolonged Storage
Presented June 24, 2003
ABSTRACT. Mutagenic effects of radioactive phosphorus and nitrosomethylurea have been studied in seeds of tea plant after treating and storage (for 0-60 days). It has been established that nitrosomethylurea reveals maximum mutagenic activity at the immediate sowing of seeds after treating. When using radioactive phosphorus the frequency of visible morphological changes and chromosomal aberrations is the same within almost the whole period of storage (21-26% and 15-18% correspondingly).
Key words: mutagen, repair, mutation.
Genetics and Selection
V. Sukhishvili
Characterization of Perspective Varieties and Mutants of Brassica Oleraceae V.capitata
Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy P. Naskidashvili, April 15, 2003
Abstract. New high-yielding varieties characterized with positive biological and agricultural properties have been obtained as a result of the experiments on the culture of white head cabbage (Brassica Oleraceae V.capitata) carried out at the Gori Experimental Station using the method of experimental mutagenesis and individual selection and study of local and world genetic fund of cabbage. They are “Berbukula”, “Mosavliani” and perspective mutants 3/124 and 8/51.
Key words: cabbage, selection, mutant.
HUMAN AND ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
G. Todua
Microelectrophysiological Investigation of Amygdaloid Lateral Nucleus Output Neurons Identified by Antidromic Activation
Presented by Member of the Academy T.Oniani, September 28, 2002
Abstract. Antidromically identified neurons were recorded from the lateral nucleus (LN) in unanesthetized cats during ventral amygdalofugal tract (VAF) stimulation. The action potentials were considered antidromic because they showed short and stable latencies, followed short trains high frequency stimulation at 250 Hz and more and could be blocked by orthodromic collision. The latencies of antidromic spikes ranged from 0.6 to 3.3 ms. That corresponded to conduction velocities between 1.1-2.4 m/sec. The antidromic activation was always curtailed by an inhibition, which indicates the existence of the recurrent inhibition.
Key words: lateral nucleus, antidromic activation, projecting cells, inhibition, collision.
BIOPHYSICS
V. Bregadze, I. Khutsishvili, E. Mtchedlishvili, J. Chkhaberidze, Kh. Sologashvili
B®Z Transition in poly(dG-dC)·poly(dG-dC) Polynucleotide. Spectroscopic Study
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy T. Zaalishvili, July 10, 2003
ABSTRACT. The ultraviolet absorption spectra (UVS) of poly(dG-dC)·poly(dG-dC) polynucleotide in solution with Ni(II) ions and 25% ethanol were studied. An important red shift at 700-800cm-1 was observed. The dependence of absorption on the concentration of Ni(II) has a S shape, which confirms the conformational changes of the double helix. Also the Circular Dichroism (CD) spectrum of poly(dG-dC)·poly(dG-dC) in solution with Ni(II) ions and 25% ethanol was investigated. We observe, that at the concentration of 0.2Ni(II) ions per nucleotide (P), the double helix of the polynucleotide has C conformation and at high concentrations of Ni(II) ions (0.4 ions per nucleotide(P)) transition to Z confirmation occurs.
Key words: B®Z, B®C conformational changes, UVS, UDS, CD.
BIOCHEMISTRY
K. Jibladze
Teaching the Carbohydrate Metabolism by Means of Discussion
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy M. Gordeziani, April 10, 2003
ABSTRACT. In order to train a modern specialist for future professional or social activities the method of active teaching via discussion is essential. We have developed the exemplary schemes of discussions for teaching the basic topics in biochemistry (exemplified by the topic of Carbohydrate Metabolism). Implementation of the discussions promotes the students’ creative thinking, development of emotional contacts, capacity for verified, independent narration of own ideas, in a logically consecutive style. Discussions serve for consolidation, systematization, and deepening of knowledge obtained.
Key words: training, biochemistry, discussion, carbohydrate metabolism, students.
BIOCHEMISTRY
G. Chkadua
An Apparent Order of Reaction (w Function)
Presented by Member of the Academy N. Nutsubidze, April 1,2003
ABSTRACT. The w function (an apparent order of reaction) represents relative acceleration. The proposed definition reflects more clearly its physical essence. Knowledge of the w function allows viewing its geometrical shape. The above function significantly simplifies analysis of geometrical shapes of the multisite enzyme systems.
Key words: apparent order of reaction, multisite enzyme system
Biochemistry
U. Djaparidze, S. Papunidze, A. Kalandia
Changes in Kiwifruit During Ripening and Storage
Presented by Member of the Academy N. Nutsubidze, April 29, 2003
ABSTRACT. The effect of regulators of ripening on kiwifruit storage has been studied. Current technical and chemical changes and microflora development under storage are described. Practical recommendations are given for the use of preparations and their dosage is established .
Key words: kiwifruit, ripening, storage.
Microbiology and Virology
M. Tsiklauri, Member of the Academy T. Chanishvili
Evaluation of Immune Status of the Osteomyelitic Patients during Immunotherapy
Presented April 22, 2003
Abstract. The quantitative indices of the general immune status and specific immunity by means of evaluation of titer of the antistaphylococcal antibodies have been investigated in 48 osteomyelitic patients. Investigations have shown that elevation of titer of the antistaphylococcal antibodies correlates with decreased indices of the general immune status. Incorporation of the phito-preparation H-Rinash into the complex treatment resulted in normalization of the above indices and decrease of the titer of the anti-staphylococcal antibodies, which was followed by improvement of the general condition in the patients.
Key words: secondary immune deficiency, antistaphylococcal antibodies, osteomyelitis, treatment, immunomodulator.
ZOOLOGY
N. Mikaia
Nematodofauna of the Representatives of Lamelliantenal Beetles (Insecta, Scarabaeidae) Melolontha pectoralis and Rhizotrogus aequinoctialis in Georgia
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy I. Eliava, April 29, 2003
ABSTRACT. Nematodofauna of two species of Lamelliantenal beetles (Insecta, Scarabaeidae) obtained from Eastern and Western Georgia has been studied. In each of them one species belonging to nematodes was established. Psammomermis korsacovi was detected in Melolontha pectoralis, while the nematode Ovomermis albicans was found in Rhizotrogus aequinoctialis.
These species of nematodes registered in Georgia for the first time are described in detail in the present work.
Key words: Melolontha pectoralis, Rhizotrogus aequinoctiais, Ovomermis albicans, Psammomermis korsacovi.
Histology
G. Macharashvili, A. Ghligvashvili
Age Dynamics of Postembryonic Development of Sebaceous and Sweat Glands in Tushuri Sheep’s Skin
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy I.Eliava, May 27, 2003
Abstract. Age and seasonal variations of sebaceous and sweat glands existed in contemporary Tushian sheep’s skin as well as the dislocation are in agreement with wool direction of the mentioned breed. Besides this, the functioning of secretory apparatus provides normal growth and conditions necessary for protection. Proceeding from this the quality of Tushuri wool still remains high.
Key words: Tushuri sheep, sebaceous glands, wool.
Experimental Medicine
N. Cheishvili, T. Sharashenidze, T. Chikovani, T. Sanikidze, R.
Rukhadze, M. Iobadze,
M. Jgenti, N. Janashia, Member of the Academy V. Bakhutashvili
Effect of Plaferon LB on Alterations Developed in Spleen in case of Con A-induced Hepatitis
Presented March 18, 2003
Abstract. In the present paper, we have studied the effect of Plaferon LB on changes developed in spleen tissue in the experimental model of hepatitis. The trials were conducted on white mice weighing 20-25 g. To create the experimental model of hepatitis the mice were injected i.v. with mitogen concanavalin A (Con A). Using morphological method while studying spleen’s structure it has been established that in case of Con A-induced hepatitis Plaferon LB reduces the development of morphological changes in spleen and accelerates the recovery of a normal function. The study of oxidation processes proceeding in spleen tissue by electron spin resonance (ESR) method evidences that Plaferon LB inhibits the development of oxidative stress in spleen structure. As far as it has been established that Plaferon LB changes the production of cytokines: IL-1, IL-4 and IFN-ă in vitro, it can be supposed that in the experimental model of immune-mediated liver injury the cytoprotective effect of Plaferon LB is conditioned by the change of cytokines Th1/Th2.
Key words: Plaferon LB, Con A induced hepatitis.
experimental medicine
K. Gogberashvili, K. Pagava
Serum Ornithine Decarboxylase, Ornithine and Growth Hormone Plasma Concentration in Infants Suffering From Maternal Deprivation
Presented by Member of the Academy T. Dekanosidze, May 6, 2003
Abstract. The article presents our data on the influence of psycho-emotional (maternal) deprivation on infant growth. The investigation took place in Tbilisi Infant Orphanage where two groups of healthy children were observed. The first group (A) was formed of the temporarily abandoned 45 children, whose mothers periodically visited them and the second group (B) of the 41 neglected children. The following parameters were observed: weight, length, weight and length deficits at age; growth hormone, serum ornithine decarboxylase and ornithine. By the long-term investigation during 3 years the depression of growth hormone caused by maternal deprivation was observed, serum ornithine decarboxylaze and ornithine values were not changed.The tendency of growth re-initiation at the end of 3 years without administration of the growth hormone justifying the assumption that the mechanism was secondary to pituitary hypofunction and the growth delay was caused by maternal deprivation. The age up to 3 years is most sensible for maternal care deficit in children.
Key words: psychoemotional deprivation, infant, maternal deprivation, growth retardation, ornithine decarboxylase, growth hormone.
experimental medicine
V. Ramishvili, T. Shahova, Ya. Sobolev, Yu. Romanovski, M. Kajinov
The Role of an Antibacterial Chemotherapist in Prevention of Hospital Infections in a Multiprofile Hospital
Presented by Member of the Academy V. Bakhutashvili, May 20, 2003
Abstract. The article summarizes the results of a two years’ experience in antibacterial therapy connected with prevention of hospital infections in Moscow City Hospital N7. The initial monitoring data of inner hospital infections of the resuscitation department in October 1998 are shown as follows: the frequency of revealing and outcome of hospital pneumonia, post-operation peritonitis and sepsis.
As a result of preventing measures there was reported the decrease of revealing rate of the most dangerous (according to the data of 1998) pathogenic organism Proteus mirabilis from 28% to 10% in 1999 and to 1% at present, while the strains sensitive to fluorchinolones , 3rd –generation cephalosporins and aminoglicosides were revealed. The reduction of revealing rate of Staphylococcus meticylinresistant strains from 19% to 5% was also shown.
The cases of bacteriocarriage of meticylineresistant Staphylococcus among medical personnel were removed. The analysis of quantitative result demonstrated considerable growth of incidence of major hospital infections that was due to enhanced registration and diagnostics and the simultaneous decrease of lethality of the same infections. The program of further preventive measure against inner hospital infections is presented.
Key words: meticylineresistant, aminoglicosides, bacteriocarriage.experimental medicine
Experimental Medicine
I. Monaselidze
Properties of the Relative Speed Characteristics of Repolarization in Case of Ischemic Heart Disease, in 12-lead ECG System
Presented by Member of the Academy N. Kipshidze, March 25, 2003
Abstract. Characteristics of the relative speed of repolarization in the commonly used 12-load ECG system, in cases of 230 patients suffering from the ischemic heart disease, in comparison with 56 practically health persons have been investigated. It was determined its high significance, as quantitative criterion for assessing the changes in the ventricular repolarization complex component of ECG at different forms of the ischemic heart disease for assessment of its nature, extension, and progress of the pathological process.
Key words: repolarization, repolarization component of the ventricular complex, repolarization ratio, ischemic heart disease (IHD).
Experimental Medicine
G. Japaridze, D. Kvernadze, T. Geladze, Z. Kevanishvili
Auditory Brainstem Response in Patients with Epilepsy
Presented by Member of the Academy S. Khechinashvili, June 30, 2003
Abstract. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) have been studied in 62 epileptic patients previously not treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). In 40 patients, ABRs were registered before and during treatment with carbamazepine, phenytoin, or valproate. Mean values of ABR parameters in groups of both partial and generalized epilepsy did not differ from those in a healthy group. However, in individual cases, certain ABR abnormalities were detected, suggesting certain dysfunction in brainstem auditory structures. ABR changes were observed in similar proportion under the treatment with all three AEDs. ABR registration appears to be a sensitive test for assessment of AED effects on the CNS.
Key words: auditory brainstem response, epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs.
Experimental medicine
N. Abdushelishvili
The State of Adrenoreceptors and Metabolism of Nitric Oxide in Children of Early Age with Respiratory Insufficiency
Presented by Member of the Academy V. Bakhutashvili, March 17, 2003
ABSTRACT. With the aim to study the pathogenesis of respiratory insufficiency on subcellular, molecular level we have decided to investigate the state of adrenoreceptors of blood cells and metabolism of free nitric oxide (NO). Inactivation of adrenoreceptors during respiratory insufficiency can be provocated both by the averaged intensification of processes of lipids peroxidation, damage of membrane structures and dissociation of receptors allocated on them from the adenylatecyclase system, and by the excess volume of blockers of adrenergic structures the Mn2+ ions. Intensification of nitric oxide synthesis during acute respiratory insufficiency is the manifestation of compensatory response of the organism, contributing to the dilatation of bronchi. But having the excess of active forms of oxygen, the nitric oxide reveals a contrary effect – interacting with the reactive oxygen the NO forms the peroxinitrite complexes, characterized with high free radical activity. So, it may be concluded, that oxygen stress suppresses the compensatory reaction of organism during respiratory insufficiency in children.
Key words: adrenoreceptors, peroxidation of lipids, Mn2+ ions, free nitric oxide, oxygen stress.
Exsperimental medicine
N. Chikadze, N. Janikashvili, N. Porakishvili
Assessment of in vitro Phagocytosis of Immune Complexes Containing Native Molecules of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) and Mutant Sera
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G. Tumanishvili, July 22, 2003
Abstract. It was recently demonstrated that the prototype version of anti-hCG vaccine that based upon the hCGb-chain recombinant molecule containing a single point mutation of an arginine to glutamic acid at a position 68 [hCGb(R68E)] generates antibodies that bind to the C-terminal peptide on the native molecule.
The aim of this study was to show the possibility of the elimination from circulation of the hormone-antibody complexes formed after immunization with the mutant hCGb(R68E).
We report here that immune complexes formed by anti-hCGb(R68E) sera of rabbits and native hCG molecules bind to monocytes and neutrophils. They are taken up and internalized by these cells in a manner independent from FcgRII(CD32).
Key words: hCG, vaccine, clearence.
Palaeobiology
I. Shatilova, L. Rukhadze, N. Mchedlishvili, N. Makharadze
The Results of Paleobotanical Study of Pontian Deposits
of Western Georgia
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G. Mchedlidze, April 29, 2003
ABSTRACT. The list of Pontian flora contains about 420 components, belonging to 218 genera, 108 families and 10 classes. 202 components of them are determined by big remains of plants and 218 by the palynological analysis. Only 8 forms are common between them.
Key words: palynological analysis, Pontian flora, landscape phytocoenotic method.
Ecology
L. Khetsuriani
Chlorophyll and Water Content in High-Mountain Plants of the Central Caucasus
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G.Nakhutsrishvili, May 20, 2003
Abstract. In order to reveal plant adaptation mechanisms to the alpine environment, chlorophyll (a+b) and water content of various biotopes (mound, rock, moderately moist and wet meadows and aquatic plant habitat) of the Central Caucasus have been studied. It has been established that abovementioned indices are different not only in various biotopes, but they are different even in one and the same biotope. In more diverse living conditions, as well as, in more multistructural canopy, the more diverse plant adaptation features are observed.
Key words: alpine plent, chlorophyll, water content.
Psychology
L. Charkviani, M. Kvirikashvili
The Effect of Stress on Human Organism
Presented by Member of the Academy Sh. Nadirashvili, April 2, 2003
Abstract. The results of present study evidence that in a sound organism the mechanism of self-regulation and self-organization constantly takes place. Adaptation of the organism to the changed conditions of the environment occurs. The maintenance of homeostasis on one level is realized on the expense of compensatory possibilities of tropotrophic and ergotrophic regulation. Sound organism constantly receives stress actions of various intensities. Small stress factors represent positive link because they prepare organism to big stresses. The actiom of functional biological features on human organism is based on the principle of negative feedback, which defends organism from stress.
Key words: stress, tropotrophic regulation.
Psychology
Sh. Sabanadze, N. Ghurtskaya
Tuberculous Meningitis and Some Psychological Problems of the Disease
Presented by Member of the Academy Sh.Nadirashvili, February 25, 2003
Abstract. A total of 235 patients who visited National Center of tuberculosis and pulmonary diseases for 1995-2002 were enrolled in this study. Examination of three different cases was done. Clinical, pathopsychological and pathosomatic characteristics were studied before the beginning of the treatment and after it.
Key words: tuberculous meningitis.
Psychology
G. Chakhunashvili, Kh. Lasareishvili
Sport for Children as Means of Fighting Against Aggression
Presented by Member of the Academy Sh. Nadirashvili, April 29, 2003
Abstract. We have examined schoolchildren from the viewpoint of their aggressiveness. The engagement of children in sports and activities decreases manifestations of their aggressiveness, strengthens their psyche and will to win, provides harmonic physical development of a personality. Studies have been carried out against the background of vitaminotherapy of children engaged in sport. The course of metabolic processes is shown.
Key words: aggression schoolchildren, sports.Psychology
ECONOMICS
G. Shubladze
On the Essence of International Marketing
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy L. Chikava, April 29, 2003
ABSTRACT. The paper presents the views on international marketing of Georgian and foreign scientists, who fail to make proper distinction between the concepts “marketing” and “international marketing”. The identification of international marketing with the complex of measures, connected with sale of products and services of the production (industry) outside the country’s borders, as well as the assessment of “export marketing” and “import marketing” as the components of international marketing, are considered by the author to be incorrect. International marketing implies realization of industrial, scientific-research (technological), sale or other activities by international firm, i. e. international business, on the basis of thorough marketing exploration of foreign country’s market.
Key words: marketing, international marketing, internationalization of business, export marketing, market, complex of marketing, international firm, marketing exploration.
ECONOMICS
E. Kupreishvili
Problems of the Method of Financial Analysis
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy A. Silagadze, May 27, 2003
ABSTRACT. Transition to the market economy made it necessary to single out two main trends in economic analysis, in particular, managerial and financial analysis. Both of these directions are targeted at their specific tasks. Due to the fact that market relations are mainly to be based on reliable financial information the existence of the scheme of financial analysis appropriate to the country’s economy becomes significant. Based on considerations of numerous Georgian and foreign authors we offer an original scheme of performing financial analysis, that should be realized in five steps: 1) Comparative analysis of components of the enterprise’s balance and dynamics of its indices; 2) Analysis of the enterprise’s financial stability; 3) Analysis of enterprise’s liquidity; 4) Analysis of enterprise’s solvency; 5) Analysis of financial results of the enterprise.
Key words: financial analysis, liquidity, solvency, profitability.
Economics
J. Zarandia
Methodological Aspects of Spatial Arrangement of Economy
Presented by member of the Academy L. Chikava, July 17, 2003
Abstract. In the conditions of formation of the market economy the issue of territorial organisation and spatial arrangement of economy in Georgia is one of the major directions of regional policy.
New methodology and directions of the "spatial" economics have been considered and modified for the regional economic development in Georgia. Academician Nekrasov's formula was modified and coefficient of regional features was added. According to formula factors with an impact on improvement of efficiency of investment, ragarding trends of social-economic development in the region are analyzed. Offered modifications on this basis would allow through identifying corresponding priorities to solve theoretical and practical problems in the context of regional development.
Key words: spatial arrangement, economic space, enterprise dislocation.
Linguistics
M. Pagava
On History and Structure of Three Kartvelian Bases (War, Wor, Wax)
Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy G. Kvaratskhelia, April 17, 2003
ABSTRACT. In the work, etimology and structure of the geographical names aWara, Woroxi, maWaxeli (Ač.ara, č.oroxi, Mač.axeli) are considered. Simple bases War, Wor, Wax of those words have been analyzed. War (č.ar) and Wor (č.or) are one and the same bases in various Kartvelian languages (War is Georgian, Wor is Kolchian). It is assumed that Wax (č.ax) is historically more old. Suffix ax (ax) being connected with affix hi/ha (the same as suffix ox (ox) in č.oroxi), makes a great number of toponyms in the Caucasian languages. All the three analyzed bases begin with W (č.). It is established that meanings of the words with the above-mentioned bases beginning with W (č.) render meanings connected with the meaning of water wyali (cqali), xeoba (xeoba -gorge, canyon).
Key words: base, stem, affix.
Philology
N. Vakhania
Queen Darejan
(According to Aleksandre Orbeliani’s works)
Presented by Member of the Academy G. Tsitsishvili, May 27, 2003
Abstract. Georgian writer and public man A.Orbeliani puts an end to wrong views about King Erekle’s wife, Queen Darejan, existed in Georgian historiography. In his literary and documentary works the writer gives a true portray of the most controversial, most hated and loved queen. A.Orbeliani blamed the Russian officials who fabricated accusations on the role of the Georgian Queen in political life of the country. All this was done in order to realize their colonial policy in the Caucasus.
Key words: A.Orbeliani, Queen Darejan.Philology
HISTORY OF ART
N. Sharikadze
Principles of Steve Reich’s Minimal-Repetitive Technique
Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy, P. Zakaraia, February 25, 2003
Abstract. This paper deals with the principles of Steve Reich’s most used and well known techniques. “Gradual shifting phase” due to its semantic and psychological properties is the bearer of contemplative information which determines the popularity of this technique. It was actual in musical minimal music of the 20th century.
Key words: repetitive technique, Steve Reich, gradual phase shifting, non-western music