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MOAMBE

2004

volume 169 number 2

Mathematics

Member of the Academy L. Zhizhiashvili

On Cauchy and Hilbert Singular Operators

Presented September 16, 2003

Key words: Cauchy and Hilbert operators.

Mathematics

L. Alexidze, Z. Zerakidze

On Some Properties of Strongly and Weakly Separable Statistical Structures Connected with a Stochastic System

Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy E. Nadaraya, November 18, 2003

ABSTRACT. In the present paper we prove the necessary and sufficient conditions when statistical structures connected with a stochastic system are strongly and weakly separable. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci.

Key words: Hilbert space of measures, weakly and strongly separable statistical structures.

Mathematics

V. Meskhia

ON ABSOLUTELY CONVERGENT FOURIER SERIES WITH RESPECT TO HAAR MULTIPLE SEPARABLE WAVELET

Presented by Member of the Academy L. Zhizhiashvili, July 8, 2003

ABSTRACT. In the given work we have established the necessary and sufficient condition on a function g, for the absolute convergence of the Haar multiple separable wavelet expansion of composition gBf for all f with absolutely convergent Haar multiple wavelet expansion. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci.

Key words: multiple separable wavelet, multiresolution analysis, composition, absolute convergence.

Mathematics

D. Gubelidze

On a Second Order Degenerate Elliptic System of Equations in Domain Containing an Angle

Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy R.Bantsuri, Yuly 8, 2003

ABSTRACT. The paper deals with a system of second order elliptic differential equations which undergoes degeneration on the boundary of the domain. Existence and uniqueness of generalized solutions of different homogenous boundary problems in weighted Sobolev spaces are shown. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci.

Key words: elliptic system with order degeneration, weighted Sobolev space.

Mathematics

L. Tibua



AN ALGORITHM OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF PROPOSITIIONAL LOGIC FORMULAS Presented by Member of the Academy V. Chavchanidze, July 22, 2003 ABSTRACT. Formulas of propositional logic are proved as algorithmic processes. It is established that all these processes can be completed and their final values are one of the following halting constants: T (a valid formula), F (an inconsistent formula) and S (an indefinite formula). © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: Algorithmic process, disjunctive type, disjunctive part, conjunctive type, conjunctive part, algorithmic process by T-strategy, algorithmic process by F-strategy, algorithmic process by T+F-strategy, halting constant. Mathematics G. Giorgadze Euler characteristics of certain moduli spaces Presented by Member of the Academy G.Kharatishvili, October 20, 2003 ABSTRACT. We present an approach to the algorithmic computation of the Euler characteristic of configuration spaces of spatial polygons based on the signature formulae for the topological degree. Relationship is outlined between those configuration spaces and the moduli space of stable curves of genus 0 with marked points and its Deligne-Mumford compactification . © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: Configuration space of polygon, linkage, Euler characteristic, topological degree, moduli space, signature formulae. Mathematics G. Giorgadze Euler characteristics of certain moduli spaces Presented by Member of the Academy G.Kharatishvili, October 20, 2003 ABSTRACT. We present an approach to the algorithmic computation of the Euler characteristic of configuration spaces of spatial polygons based on the signature formulae for the topological degree. Relationship is outlined between those configuration spaces and the moduli space of stable curves of genus 0 with marked points and its Deligne-Mumford compactification . © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: Configuration space of polygon, linkage, Euler characteristic, topological degree, moduli space, signature formulae. Mathematics I. Bakhia Dimensional Properties of Generalized Manifolds Presented by Member of the Academy N. Berikashvili, December 10, 2003 ABSTRACT. We consider dimensional type functions defined on the class of p-bicompact spaces. Using these functions, the dimensional properties of generalized manifolds are studied. The class of weakly net-like spaces is introduced, which is a natural generalization of net-like spaces in the sense of V. Proizvolov and the behavior of this class is studied in the case of (monotone, open) mappings of special type. Generalizations of V. Proizvolov's theorems are obtained for weakly net-like spaces. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: dimensionality, manifold, Brauer's theorem, net-like space, weakly net-like space. Mathematics



G. Tkebuchava Subsequences of Partial Sums of Multiple Fourier and Fourier-Walsh Series Presented by Member of the Academy L.Zhizhiashvili, September 9, 2003 ABSTRACT. The convergence in norm and in measure of subsequences of partial sums of multiple Fourier and Fourier-Walsh series is considered. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: multiple Fourier series, Walsh system, convergence in measure, Orlicz space. Mathematics N. Chelidze The Banach-Steinhaus theorem for the double Denjoy integral Presented by Member of the Academy L. Zhizhiashvili, September 16, 2003 Abstract. One of the theorems of the Banach-Steinhaus type to D-integrable function f of two variables is extended. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: D-integrable function, ACG-function, a function of bounded variation. Mathematics A. Aplakov On the Absolute Convergence of the Multiple Series of Fourier-Haar Coefficients Presented by Member of the Academy L. Zhizhiashvili, June 24, 2003 ABSTRACT. In this paper we study an absolute convergence of the series of Fourier-Haar coefficients in the term of partial modulus of variation of function. Key words: Fourier-Haar coefficients, absolute convergence, multiple series, partial modulus of variation. Mathematics Sh. Bakhtadze On Generalized Projective Homologies of Locally Compact Paracompact Spaces Presented by Corr. Member D. Baladze, February 3, 2004 ABSTRACT. The projective homology theory is considered on the category of pairs of locally compact paracompact spaces and their proper mappings. In particular, groups of projective homologies with coefficients in an arbitrary pair of generalized topological groups are constructed. It is proved that the theory H^ch satisfies the Steenrod-Eilenberg axioms. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: projective homology, paracompact space. Mathematics Ya. Diasamidze, Sh. Makharadze, G. Partenadze, O. Givradze On Final X-Semilattices of Unions Presented by Member of the Academy D. Baladze, December 1, 2003



Abstract. It is known that any commutative semigroup of idempotents is isomorphic to some Xsemilattice of union and X-semilattices of unions play important role while studying many abstract properties of complete semigroups of binary relations. In the work final X-semilattices of unions are studied by means of characteristic family of sets and characteristic mapping of X-semilattices of unions. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: complete semigroups, binary relations, complete semilattices. Mathematics Ya. Diasamidze, Sh. Makharadze, G. Partenadze, O. Givradze On Final X-Semilattices of Unions Presented by Member of the Academy D. Baladze, December 1, 2003 Abstract. It is known that any commutative semigroup of idempotents is isomorphic to some Xsemilattice of union and X-semilattices of unions play important role while studying many abstract properties of complete semigroups of binary relations. In the work final X-semilattices of unions are studied by means of characteristic family of sets and characteristic mapping of X-semilattices of unions. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: complete semigroups, binary relations, complete semilattices. Theory of elasticity A. Papukashvili Antiplane Problems of Theory of Elasticity for Piecewise-Homogeneous Orthotropic Plane Slackened with Cracks Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy R.Bantsuri, July 29, 2003 ABSTRACT. Antiplane problems of the theory of elasticity by using the theory of analytical functions are presented in the paper. These problems lead to a system of singular equations with immovable singularity with the respected to leap of the tangent stress. The problems of behavior of solutions at the boundary are studied. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: cracks, peculiarity, singular equations, Cauchy type integral. Cybernetics D. Bashaleishvili Identification of Static Systems represented by Volterra Polynomials with Nonseparable Kernels Presented by Member of the Academy V. Chavchanidze, September 15, 2003 ABSTRACT. The solution of the problem of "black box" identification consists in searching for a mathematical model of the concrete diminishing (DS) or enlarging system (ES) in various classes of static systems (quasilinear systems, systems represented by Volterra polynomials with separable kernels and by those with nonseparable kernels). Methods of finding the desired mathematical model in the first two classes are developed by the author earlier. This paper deals with a method of finding the desired model in the class of Volterra polynomials with nonseparable kernels. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: DS identification, ES identification, system of functional equations, separable kernel, nonseparable kernel, Volterra polynomial, operator restriction, projective method. Computer Science I. Javakhishvili, A. Kvitashvili



MINIMUM ORDER OF THE POLYNOMIAL DIVIDING POINTS SITUATED ON THE SPHERE Presented by Member of the Academy I. Prangishvili, September 2, 2003 Abstract. The methods of algebraic geometry make it possible to determine the lower order of polynomial that separates two sets of points using Lagrange-Jacobian theorem. In the present paper, for simplicity we consider sets of points situated in the area of a certain closeness to the sphere. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: polynomial, Jacobian, gradient, dichotomy. Physics I. Ratishvili, N. Namoradze INFLUENCE OF HYDROGEN ORDERING ON THE SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION TIME in METAL HYDRIDES. I. THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE LIMIT Presented by Member of the Academy T.Sanadze, September 2, 2003 ABSTRACT. An attempt is made to explain qualitatively the nature of the kinks in the log(T₁) vs. (1/T) dependencies, experimentally observed in NMR measurements on NbH_x (x < 1) compounds in the vicinity of disorder-order transition. Key words: NMR, metal hydrides, hydrogen ordering. Physics B. Kilosanidze, G. Kakauridze On the Model Consideration of PHOTOanisotropy in Media with Dark Relaxation Presented by Member of the Academy T.Sanadze, September 26, 2003 ABSTRACT. The model consideration of photoanisotropy in relaxing polarization-sensitive media on the basis of azodyes is presented. The dependence of the value of photoanisotropy and time of dark relaxation on the intensity of acting radiation and on the relaxation coefficient is shown. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: polarization-sensitive media, photoanisotropy, relaxation. Physics P.Imnadze, Ts.Kvirikashvili, N.Bagdavadze, G.Ghotvadze, K.Megrelishvili, T.Getsadze, D.Gubeladze, E.Kirkesali, V.Kintsurashvili Determination of Elements Composition of "Sabe" Soil Using the Methods of Radiometric and Neutron Activation Analysis Presented by Member of the Academy N.Amaglobeli, September 23, 2003 Abstract. We have studied element composition of "Sabe " soil using radiometric and multielement instrumental neutron activation analysis. The experiments were carried out using amplitude analysator AÈ-1024 of Ge(Li) semiconductor detector impulses and neutrons breeder "Razmnozhitel'-1". Quantitatively there have been determined 23 elements in "Sabe" soil whereas in ordinary soil - 25 elements. In both samples 30 different elements were determined quantitatively. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: neutron breeder, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA).



Physics I. Titvinidze, Corr. Member of the Academy G. Japaridze CORRELATION FUNCTIONS OF THE SPIN S=1/2 EXTENDED XY MODEL Presented November 11, 2003 ABSTRACT. The large-distance asymptotic behavior of the spin-spin correlation functions of the spin extended XY model has been studied using the bosonization approach. The model describes the spin system on a zigzag chain, which is characterized in addition to the standard transverse exchange between spins on neighboring sites (), by the three-spin interaction. This three-spin coupling describes the "correlated exchange" interaction (), where the transverse exchange between spins on next-to-nearest neighbor sites depends on the "z" projection of an intermediate spin. The quantum phase transition, separating two different spin-liquid phases, takes place in the ground state of the system at 2J. In this paper we study in detail the large-distance behavior of various spin-spin correlation functions in these two spin-liquid phases. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Kew words: spin systems, quantum phase transitions. Geophysics L. Javakhishvili Comparison of the Anomalies of r_a Fields Above the Conductive Sphere for Different Separation of the D.C. Device Operating in Non-Stable Regime of r_a in the Range of Critical Point Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy T. Chelidze, June 24, 2003 ABSTRACT. Every separation of the device operating in non-stable regime of ra is characterized by the critical value of the parameter s^c. For the given separation of the device by choosing the parameter sc the characteristic parameters of the device approximate to the parameter of the immersed sphere, due to which the result dependes on the information of the existence of sphere. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: non-stable regime of r_a, critical point, direct current, electric prospecting, apparent resistivity, specific resistivity. Geophysics I. Shekriladze Thermo-Hydrodynamical Alignment Effect, Conditions of Realization Presented by Member of the Academy B. Balavadze, January 22, 2004 ABSTRACT. Conditions are considered of rapid intensification of a tropical hurricane. Characteristic range is determined of equilibrium translation speed. Dependence is considered of intensity of a tropical hurricane from alignment number and hurricane heat potential. The basic assumption is confirmed of developed previously equilibrium translation model. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: tropical hurricane, alignment effect, equilibrium translation, alignment number. Organic Chemistry T. Khuchua, T. Doksopulo, E. Chikvaidze, Corr. Member of the Academy Sh. Samsoniya Unsaturated hydrocarbonS receiving from



oil-products using ultrasound frequency Presented December 9, 2003 Abstract. Unsaturated hydrocarbons have been obtained via ultra-sound frequency influence on kerosene fraction with initiator addition. There was studied the effect of ultrasound frequency, irradiation period, initiator nature and concentration on the cracking process. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: cracking, ultra-sound frequency, a-alkenes. Organic chemistry R. Kublashvili, M. Labartkava, Corr. Member of the Academy Sh. SamsonIya N-glycosides on the Basis of Maltose and Isomeric Aminobenzoic Acids Presented April 1, 2003 ABSTRACT. The N-glycosylation of isomeric aminobenzoic acids by maltose is studied. The appropriate N-glycosides are synthesized and characterized. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: isomeric aminobenzoic acids, maltose, N-glycosides. Physical Chemistry O. Mikadze, B.Bulia, N. Maisuradze, A.Kandelaki MASS TRANSPORT PECULIARITIES IN ALUMINA SCALE Presented by Member of the Academy G. Gvelesiani, September 2, 2003 ABSTRACT. There were defined oxidation parameters of the alumina forming Fe-Cr-Al-La alloy and examined mass transport peculiarities through the scale. It was shown that formation of the adherent a-Al₂O₃ layer on the alloy surface was equivalent with considerable decreasing of effective diffusion area and the growing kinetics of this layer subordinated to the logarithmic law. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: oxidation, diffusion, grain boundary. Physical chemistry D. Tsagareishvili, N. Nadiradze, Corr. Member of the Academy I. Baratashvili, A. Nadiradze Calculation of the Standard Heat Capacity of Cubic Inorganic Crystals by the values of their Poisson Coefficient Presented May, 6, 2003 ABSTRACT. A semiempirical formula has been derived for calculation of the standard heat capacities of cubic inorganic crystals C_p298=mR(30s-1)/(6s+1), cal/molK, where m -is the number of atoms in a compound's molecule (for simple substances m=1), R-gaseous constant, s - Poisson coefficient. It is shown that the suggested formula allows us to calculate unknown values of standard heat capacities of investigated substances with an accuracy of ±5%. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: standard heat capacity, cubic inorganic crystals, Poisson coefficient. Physical Geography Member of the Academy Ts. Mirtskhoulava



ESTIMATION OF THE STATE AND RISK OF HAZARDS OF GEOGRAPHIC SYSTEM AND OF THEIR STABLE DEVELOPMENT Presented November 25, 2003 ABSTRACT. A method for quantitative estimation for approximate determination of the risk of hazards of geographic systems and their stable development is proposed. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Keywords: risk, reliability, stability, development, hazards. Hydrogeology I. Mikadze TOTAL WATER BALANCE OF QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND WATERS OF CENTRAL PART OF KOLKHETI LOWLAND Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy I. Buachidze, November 11, 2003 ABSTRACT. For the central, most marshy part of Kolkheti lowland, the area of which is 1500 km², we have made the total water balance of surface and underground waters of quaternary sediments surrounded by hydroizopieses at 20 m from the east and 2.5 m from the west. The difference between inflow and outflow parts of balance makes +11.84 m³/sec, or +400 million m³/year, or +247.54 mm/year, that is the water volume, which annually remains on the territory, between 20 and 2.5 hydroizopieses in the Central part of Kolkheti lowland. The annual amount of atmospheric precipitation in the part of the total water balance of Kolkheti lowlands central part is 2062.5 mm per year and the amount of running pressured water in ground water is 358 mm in a year 17% of the atmospheric precipitation. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: balance, hydroizopies, hydroizohips, inflow, outflow, flow, evaporation. Metallurgy O. Namicheishvili, Z. Melashvili, L. Kokrashvili, K.Papava Investigation of the Regimes Influence of the Isothermic Electrorolling Process on Structure Quality of the Aliform Profiles Presented by Corr. Member of the Georgian Academy I. Baratashvili, June 17, 2003 Abstract. On the example of aliform profile attached from titanic alloy of BT-3 type we have studied the influence of temperature, deformation rate and degree of the electrorolling process information of crystal material structure. The parameters of electrorolling process, which provide the ultradispersed material structure were established. In these regimes, the process approximates to supperplastic deformations and a-b phasal structure of titanic alloy BT-3 is transformed into the a-phase structure. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: electrorolling, aliform profile, phasal transition, titanic alloy. Machine Building Science V. Margvelashvili, M. Bilashvili CHOICE OF TYPE OF WALKING MACHINE VEHICLE Presented by Member of the Academy R. Adamia, June 10, 2003 ABSTRACT. The choice of type of walking machine vehicle is considered in the present paper. Pantographic mechanisms for walking vehicles are studied. Advantage is given to spatial pantographic mechanism with a degree of mobility which equals three.



© 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: walking machine, vehicle, pantographic mechanism. Power engineering A. Gotsiridze, D. Abzianidze TO THE PROBLEM OF ENERGY SECURITY AND ENERGY OBJECTS CONTROL OPTIMIZATION Presented by Member of the Academy Ts. Mirtskhoulava, February 23, 2004 Abstract. One of the methods of studying energy security of energy objects is evaluation of character and range of main safety risk influence with the help of indicator analysis. In the work is also reviewed an example of applying modern management theory to the group of tasks, connected with the optimal management of energy objects, which is the basis of their secure functioning. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: energy security, fuel supply, ecological control. Electrotechnics J. Dochviri, T.Mchedlishvili QUICKACTING THYRISTOR ELECTRIC DRIVE SYSTEM OF DIRECT CURRENT WITH REGULATION OF ENGINE FLOW EXCITATION Presented by Member of the Academy R. Adamia, September 23, 2003 ABSTRACT. The Transfer function of motor is obtained by state-space method. On the basis of logarithm-frequency characteristics the optimal regulator of speed is defined. Duration of transient process of the electric drive system is about 0.6 sec. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: thyristor electric drive, dynamics, regulation. Technology of Materials T. Abzianidze, G. Karumidze, L. Kekelidze EFFECT OF BORON ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION ON BORON CARBIDE MICROHARDNESS Presented by Member of the Academy G. Gvelesiani, January 10, 2004 Abstract. Strong dependence of boron carbide (B₄C) microhardness (H ) on boron isotopic composition is shown experimentally; in particular, growth of B-11 isotope concentration causes its increase, and vice versa, growth of B-10 isotope concentration causes its decrease. Model explaining the observed isotopic effect is offered. The highest H value of B₄C makes 8000 kg/mm² when B-11 concentration is ³99.8 % at. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: Boron carbide, boron isotope, microhardness, oscilation amplitude. Botany N. Memiadze BOTANICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE ENDEMICS OF AJARA-LAZETI FLORA Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy V.Papunidze, December 23, 2003 Abstract. In botanical and geographical districts of Ajara we have analyzed the peculiarities of distribution of



the Ajara-Lazeti endemic species in various biotopes. At present 29 Ajara-Lazeti species are known in Ajara. They are distributed in every botanico-geographical region. Main biotopes of distribution of Ajara-Lazeti species are: various types of forests, forest-rocks and debris hemixerophilous, bog peat, Colchian mesophyllicever green shrubs (rhododendron), high mountain (subalpine) forest-meadows, high mountain rock and debris. Of Ajara-Lazeti species characteristic floristic complexes are formed by hemixerophilous and ever green dendroflora species. Ajara-Lazeti endems are characterized mainly with narrow distribution area. The majority of them (14 species) is distributed in forest-rock and debris ecotops in the botanico-geographical region III of Ajara. They are supposed to be originated as a result of Anterior Asia-Caucasus species differentiation. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: endemic, Ajara-Lazeti species. Plant Physiology E. Kimutsadze, Z. Putkaradze, R. Gakhokidze The Effect of Biorag on Resistance of Mulberry Tree to the "Leaf Rugosity" Disease Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy P. Naskidashvili, July 3, 2003 Abstract. After treatment of mulberry tree with Biorag the stimulation of its growth-development has been marked. The active elements of its anatomic structure and production parameters improve and the progression of mycoplasma disease decreases. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: leaf rugosity, Biorag, stimulator. Genetics and Selection K. Dolidze Peculiarities of Mutation Variability in Citrus Corresponding with Plant Age Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy P.Naskidashvili, September 23, 2003 Abstract. The results of variation peculiarities of citrus seeds storage duration and corresponding to it plant age have been studied. It was established that during the storage of citrus seeds the so-called accumulation of automutagenic substances takes place in fruits or as a result of current processes which further condition the variation both on cytogenetic (chromosomal) and phenotype level. At the same time the frequency and spectrum of these variations correspond to age due to which bud variations are produced in extremely big amount. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: citrus, variability, mutation. Genetics and Selection Corr. Member of the Academy P. Naskidashvili, M. Naskidashvili, I. Naskidashvili, P. Rekhviashvili CREATION OF THE SOURCE MATERIAL FOR SELECTION BY THE CROSSING ABORIGINAL SortS OF SOFT WHEAT WITH HARD WHEAT Presented June 24, 2003 ABSTRACT. The present investigation shows that when crossing soft wheat sorts with the hard wheat variety Reichenbachii greater number of hybrid grains is obtained if hard wheat is pollinated with soft wheat pollen. Combination ability is high when using soft wheat sort of hybrid origin. The reverse dependence is revealed in the vitality of first generation hybrids. In particular, viability of the first generation hybrids was higher when soft wheat was taken



as a maternal form for crossing. Broad form-creation process takes place in the second generation. There have been segregated the forms perspective for selection, characterized not only by great stem length but also by high productivity. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: hybrid, segregation, genotype, reciprocal crossing. Cytology L. Tabatadze, R. Barkalaia THE MORPHOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD IN LOCAL BREEDS OF COWS SPREAD IN GEORGIA Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy T. Chanishvili, June 13, 2003 ABSTRACT. Morphological composition of the blood of local breeds of cattle in Georgia has been studied. Alternation of blood corpuscule elements under the action of ambient temperature is less expressed in Khevsuruli breed cows and village herd cattle, compared with highly productive European breeds, which should be attributed to a relatively wide spectre of their tolerance to negative environmental factors. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key wards: cattle breeding, blood physiology, resistance, abiotic factors. Biophysics N. Metreveli, K. Jariashvili, L. Namicheishvili, E. Chikvaidze, G. Mrevlishvili THE ACTION OF ASCORBIC ACID ON COLLAGEN AS A PROTECTIVE SYSTEM AGAINST ULTRA-VIOLET IRRADIATION Presented by Member of the Academy M. Zaalishvili, September 23, 2003 ABSTRACT. The real action of ascorbic acid as a protective system on collagen upon ultra-violet (UV) irradiation has been shown by electron spin resonance (ESR) method. The received results are in a good agreement with the data obtained by thermodynamic studies and clarify them. Ascorbic acid is represented as a free radical scavenger which protects protein against the appearance of secondary radicals and also reduces structural damages. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: collagen, ultra-violet irradiation, free radicals, ascorbic acid. Biochemistry N.Kvitsinadze, M.Muradashvili, E.Davitashvili, R.Solomonia, G.Aleksidze, M.Goguadze, O.Tsintsadze, Member of the Academy L.Managadze, M.Karazanashvili, Corr. Member of the Academy N.Aleksidze ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CYTOPLASMIC PROTEINS WITH LECTIN ACTIVITY FROM PROSTATE FIBER-MUSCULAR TISSUE AT DIFFERENT PATHOLOGIES Presented September 23, 2003 ABSTRACT. Cytoplasmic proteins with lectin activity have been revealed in cells of prostate fiber-muscular tissues with different types of pathology. It was established with an aid of gel-chromatography that various pathological states are also characterized with different carbohydrate-specificity of lectins. In the cytoplasm of cells prone to



malignancy (AAH + PING1-2 and AAH + PING2-3) lectin specificity to NAcGlc is decreased and specificity to galactose /lactose is increased. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: prostate, lectins, carbohydrate-specificity. Biochemistry M.Chachua, R.Goguadze, M.Chipashvili, N.Keburia, G.Alexidze, Corr. Member of the Academy N.Aleksidze ALTERATIONS IN RAT ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE SURFACE UNDER STRESS Presented September 23, 2003 ABSTRACT. Significant alterations have been revealed in the carbohydrate components of the rat erythrocyte membrane surface under stress using lectins with different sugar-specificity. Under stress D-galactose-specific lectin-binding capacity was reduced. No changes were observed in case of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-specific lectin. D-galactose-specific lectin-binding glycoconjugate was extracted from erythrocyte membranes with 0.1% Triton X-100. under stress it showed enhanced binding capacity to the corresponding lectin. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: stress, agglutination, lectin. Biochemistry G. Mrevlishvili, D. Svintradze Supramolecular self-assembly systems in biochemistry: the Complex between triple helix of Collagen and double helix of DNA in aqueous solution Presented by Member of the Academy G.Kvesitadze, September 2, 2003 ABSTRACT. The living cell exists as a result of processes that generate complex, multicomponent, functional structures by self-assembly. We demonstrate in this paper that one of the examples of biologically important molecular self- assembling complex systems is collagen-DNA ordered aggregate spontaneously formed in aqueous solutions. Interaction between collagen and DNA leads to the destruction of hydration shell of triple helix and to stabilization of the double helix structure, including the hydration shell of DNA. From the viewpoint of molecular biology this nano-scale self- assembling superstructure can determine the raising of the stability of DNA against the nucleases during the collagen diseases. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: supramolecular chemistry, self-organization, collagen, DNA, nanostructures, hydration, thermodynamics, DSC, melting. Biochemistry T. Tsulukidze, L. Kutateladze, N. Sabashvili, I. Khokhashvili Assimilation and degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by microscopic fungi Presented by member of Academy G. Kvesitadze, September 16, 2003 Abstract. The strains from the collection of microscopic fungi have been studied at S. Durmishidze institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Georgian Academy of Sciences, on the detoxication ability of oil products and 2,4,6 - trinitrotoluene (TNT). Different genera -Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Fusarium, Trichoderma and Trichothecium of 40 strains of microscopic fungi were taken for investigation. Stable strains, with degradation and assimilation potential, to high concentration of TNT are selected. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Kay words: TNT, strain, nutrient medium, shaker, thermostat, Petri dishes, spectrophotometric method, optical



density. Biochemistry G. PAPUNIDZE, A. KALANDIYA, M. VANIDZE, M. PAPUNIDZE PHENOLCARBOXYLIC ACIDS IN CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Presented by Member of the Academy N. Nutsubidze, April 1, 2003 ABSTRACT. Phenolcarboxylic acids in stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaves have been studied by the methods of paper, thin-layer, HP liquid chromatohraphy and spectral analysis. Caffeic acid, p-cumaric acid and chlorogenic acids were identified. Phenolcarboxylic acids in stevia leaves have been detected in both free and bound form. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: Stevia rebaudiana, chromatography, spectrum, phenolcarboxylic acids, leaves, Bertoni. Microbiology and Virology M.ELIZBARASVILI, M.DARSAVELIDZE, Member of the Academy T.CHANISHVILI INVESTIGATION OF ETIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT AGE CATEGORIES Presented December 30, 2003 ABSTRACT. In order to study the structure of enteral infections in children of different ages, total of 372 clinical samples have been investigated. It was determined that in all age groups of children the dysbiotic disorders of enteral microbiocenosis were evident. In about 90% of children the dysbiotic disorders of enteral microflora are characterized with the presence of conditionally pathogenic bacteria. The leading position is held by Klebsiella, the second place is occupied with E.coli, and the third one with the microorganisms of Proteus genus. The latter ones are mainly found in children under the age of one year. Insignificant part of enteral microbiocenosis made cocci in 12% of which is represented by the coagulase-positive staphylococci. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: dysbacteriosis, enteral flora, bacteria, fungi, age, children. Microbiology and virology N.Gagelidze, L.Amiranashvili, Kh.Varsimashvili, L.Tinikashvili, E.Kirtadze, M.Gogoberidze SCREENING OF STRAINS CAPABLE FOR DEGRADATION OF 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy M.Gordeziani, September 2, 2003 ABSTRACT. Soil microflora from sites of Georgia, contaminated with organic toxicants has been investigated with the aim to reveal microorganisms capable for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) degradation. The 157 strains out of 195 tested microorganisms were found to be capable for growth on TNT-containing media. The 22 cultures among them revealed intensive growth capacity in the presence of 300 mg/l TNT. Several active strains, which reduced amount of TNT by 75-90% in the medium, have been selected. Key words: soil microorganisms, Rhodococcus, yeasts, residual amount of TNT. Zoology N. Mikaia, I. Kakulia REARING OF INSECTS UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS FOR CULTIVATION



OF THE NEMATODE Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy I. Eliava, December 2, 2003 ABSTRACT. Propagation of flour beetle (Tenebrio molitor) pupae and bee moth (Galleria mellonella) larvae under laboratory conditions and possibility of using them as nutrient medium for cultivation of the nematode H. bacteriophora have been investigated. Cultivation of H. bacteriophora on flour beetle pupae yielded approximately 230 thousand nematodes, while in case of bee moth larvae about 140 thousand nematodes were obtained. *According to the results of our experiments pupae of flour beetle seem to be the better nutrient medium for H. bacteriophora* cultivation than larvae of honeycomb moth.** © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Tenebrio molitor, Galleria mellonella. Zoology O. Gorgadze, Sh. Barjadze ARTIFICIAL INVASION OF REED APHID (Hyalopterus pruni GOEFFR.) WITH ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES OF STEINERNEMA GENUS (STEINERNEMATIDAE) IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy I. Eliava, September 23, 2003 ABSTRACT. The paper presents the results of application of entomopathogenic nematodes (1:50) Steinernema carpocapsae strain "agriotos", S. thesami, S. disparica and Steinernema sp., belonging to the Steinernema genus (Steinernematidae), against the reed aphid (Hyalopterus pruni Goeffr.). Treatment of aphids with nematodes turned out high-effective. Biological effectiveness of the used 4 species of nematodes made 99, 94, 88 and 96% correspondingly. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: necrosis, entomopathogenic nematodes, imago, nymph, strain, "agriotos". Experimental Medicine V. Verkhovskiy, M. Lazarev Specificity of metabolism ⁹⁰Sr in the Organism of Animals Presented by Member of the Academy V. Okujava, November 20, 2003 Abstract. Model experiments on 40 rabbits with introduction of different quantities of radio strontium into the organism, creating artificial injury of bone tissue have been conducted. The process of regeneration of bone tissue during the post operation period has been observed. Influence of ⁹⁰Sr on general state of the organism, duration of the post traumatic processes in bone tissue, dynamics of introduction, accumulation and releasing ⁹⁰Sr, changes of physiological processes, indexes of homeostasis have been investigated. Exponental dependence between quantity of introduced ⁹⁰Sr, releasing and time, prevalence of radionuclide accumulation in the bone tissue and increased accumulation in bone regenerate have been established. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: radionuclide, half decay, bone tissue, reparative processes. Experimental Medicine E. Shatirishvili Significance of some Laboratory Tests during Prognosis of Postnatal Pyo-Septic Diseases Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy N.Tatishvili, June 24, 2003



Abstract. In order to prognosticate the expected postnatal pyo-septic diseases in the risk group of women in labor we have used the following laboratory tests: NBT (nitro blue tetrasol test) of neutrophils of peripheral blood, the determination of lysozyme activity in the urine, quantitative determination of immunoglobulins of three classes in blood serum and lochias. On the 4^th day the microscopy of lochias was performed, NBT with peripheral neutrophils, lysozyme activity in urine was determined. The obtained data allow to conduct prophylactic measures in due time. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: pyo-septic diseases, lysozyme, imminoglobulin, women in labor. Experimental medicine T. Chkhikvadze, N. Chichinadze, L. Gachechiladze, N. Revishvili EFFECT OF SILDENAFIL CITRATE (VIAGRA) AND L-ARGININE ON THE INTENSITY OF BLOOD FLOW IN TESTES Presented by Member of the Academy N. Javakhishvili, February 24, 2004 ABSTRACT. The influence of Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) and L-arginine on blood vessels and blood flow intensity in testes of mongrel while rats has been studied using the method of ultrasonography. It was revealed, that both preparations, Sildenafil citrate and L-arginine operate via regulation of NO level in blood, which modulates cGMP formation. Sildenafil citrate revealed stronger vasodilatative effect than L-arginine. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: Sildenafil citrate (Viagra), L-arginine, nitric oxide, testis, corpus cavernosum, intensity of blood flow. Experimental Medicine E. Uchaneishvili, M.Uchaneishvili, Member of the Academy V.Bakhutashvili Morpho-Functional Characteristics of the Vessels in Induced Adenoma of the Colon Presented July 8, 2003 Abstract. The microcirculatory bed of induced adenoma of colon has been studied hystologically, ultrastructurally and electronic-autoradiographycally. Vascular net of adenoma of colon is presented by preformed and neoplastic blood vessels. Newly formed blood vessels create a group with very different structural and functional characteristics. Some newly formed blood vessels are characterized with middle level of differentiation, but none of them cannot ensure normal regulation of metabolism. Also the influence of preparation Plaferon on cancerogenesis of colon is studied. Namely, in adenoma, formed under Plaferon affection the rate of angiogenesis decreases. By our opinion, it is caused by antihypoxic, anti-inflammatory activity of Plaferon. The obtained results may be considered as a confirmation of the fact, that the functional state of cellular elements of stroma significantly determines the functional state of parenchymal elements and the peculiarities of cancerogenesis. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: adenoma, neoplastic blood vessels, endothelial cell, preparation Plaferon. Experimental Medicine N. Bolokadze, R. Solomonia INVESTIGATION OF THE LIPID PEROXIDATION DURING THE STROKE Presented by Member of the Academy T. Oniani, September 23, 2004 Abstract. The aim of the work was a priority investigation of the distribution of lipid peroxidation during cerebral stroke, specifically, investigation of this parameters in both cerebral and systemic circulation vessels. The parameters of lipid peroxidation were investigated in the blood samples drawing from the common carotid artery, as well as from the both internal jugular and the cubital veins. The amount of MDA (the end product of lipid peroxidation) was significantly



higher in the blood flowing out from damaged hemisphere as compared to: 1) contralateral one (P=0.001) ; 2) the cubital vein (P=0.005) and 3) the carotid artery (P<0.001). MDA amount in the blood flowing out from damaged hemisphere was by 58% higher (P=0.046, T=2.12) as compared to the blood flowing out from the right hemisphere of control patients and by 53% higher (P=0.060, T=1.98) as compared to the blood flowing from the left hemisphere of the control patients. The results of this study suggest that pathological changes in the lipid peroxidation has a localised character at least on this stage of the disease development. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: malonyldialdehyde, lipid peroxidation, stroke, jugular vein. Experimental Medicine M. Lomia bronchial asthma as neurogenic paroxysmal disease: high antiasthmatic efficacy of carbamazepine in doble-blind randomized placebo-controlled TRIAL Presented by the Member of the Academy T. Oniani, January 4, 2004 Abstract. Based on the assumption that bronchial asthma is neurogenic paroxysmal and inflammatory disease, antiasthmatic activity of carbamazepine was investigated in patients with bronchial asthma. 59 patients with asthma were randomized into double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Stable remission was established after carbamazepine treatment in 33 patients (n=45). No significant improvement was registered in patients of placebo group (n=14). Based on high efficacy of anticonvulsants in patients with bronchial asthma, we supposed that bronchial asthma can be considered as neurogenic paroxysmal and inflammatory disease with complex pathogenic mechanisms. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: bronchial asthma, mechanisms, anticonvulsants, carbamazepine, pharmacological trial, efficacy. Experimental Medicine T. Lobzhanidze, O. Khardzeishvili MORPHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STATUS OF TONSILS AT PARODONTITES OF LOW, AVERAGE AND HIGH DEGREE Presented by Member of the Academy N. Javakhishvili, December 23, 2003 ABSTRACT. Recently, the immunologic aspect of a parodont has attracted considerable attention. It has been established that in the development of the local immune reaction of an oral cavity, the decisive role is played by the regional provision of soft tissue around a tooth, and in this tonsils have leading factor. Judging from the above said, any pathological process occurring with immunologic violations in an oral cavity and in parodont might have certain correlations with various degrees of damages to tonsils and with the immunologic status. Histochemical analysis show that at parodontites of high degree the immunoreactive process in tonsils is depressed. This is demonstrated by the decrease of the number of pholicules, monocytic macrophagues, T lymphocytes in les zone, B lymphocytes in les zone, in pholicular reproduction centres, in a mantle zone compared to average degree parodontites. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: parodontite, tonsilopathy. Palaeobiology I. SHATILOVA, L. RUKHADZE, N. MCHEDLISHVILI, N. MAKHARADZE THE FLORA, VEGETATION AND CLIMATE OF THE SARMATIAN AGE OF WESTERN GEORGIA Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy G. Mchedlidze, June 24, 2003 Abstract. The analysis of Sarmatian flora of Western Georgia is given. The data about the macroremains of plants are compared with the data of palynological investigations.



The pollen assemblages were interpreted by help of landscape - phytocoenotical method. The evolution of vegetation and climate and main stages of their development were established. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: flora, analysis, landscape - phytocoenotical method, vegetation, climate, stages of development. Politology D. Pipinashvili RUSSIAN POLICY IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS Presented by Member of the Academy G. Tevzadze, October 15, 2003 ABSTRACT. The South Caucasus is the crossroad between the East and West. The region has an advanced transport-communication network. It is the focus of intense interests for regional and global powers, especially for Russian Federation. A great number of factors have an impact on Russian foreign policy, beginning with the ambitions of its imperial past and ending with the impact of the military on foreign policy. Anyway, its Caucasian policy doesn't stand up to criticism. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: South Caucasus, conflicts, geopolitics, foreign policy. Economics J. Zarandia On THE ISSUES OF SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPEAN REGIONALISM Presented by Corr. Member of the Academy A. Silagadze, December 9, 2003 Abstract. Currently South-Eastern European regionalism is facing two dilemmas: 1. How to link correctly regional integration relations with USA and Russia for co-operation of vital significance; 2. How to ensure smooth harmonization of South-Eastern European nation's self-identification in the region with the leading role of one of the countries (e.g. Georgia). One version of South-Eastern European regionalism direction is its development and institutionalization. The second direction - version is the integration development within the frameworks of sub-regional associations i.e. South-Eastern European regionalism and the Black Sea Countries or South-Eastern European region and the European Union. The third dimension - direction is the realisation of various conceptions, which in one or another way are linked with the development of economic integration of control goods and financial flows etc. in South-Eastern European region. Development of South-Eastern European regionalism should promote the progress of multilateral relations and dialogue between the Europe and Asia. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: globalisation, integration, financial crisis, South-Eastern European regionalism. Economics L. Mamulashvili DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN GEORGIA Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy L.Chikava, December 16, 2003 ABSTRACT. Situation in economic of Georgia for development of entrepreneurship and official statistic data have been analyzed. It is established that the country is ready for profitable development of small business in case of developing necessary legislative basis. Special attention in the work is paid to the regional development of small business. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci. Key words: economic crisis, stimulus, leasing, lever.

Economics

R. Asatiani

Study of Public Sector Economics as Necessary Condition of Social Orientation

Presented by Corr.Member of the Academy A.Silagadze, March 16, 2004

Abstract. Scientific and technological progress and globalization of economic relations put forward "new social problem". It becomes necessary to provide conditions for the formation of civil society. New socius and the deepening of humanitarian processes have been put on the foreground. This situation accelerates the formation of the economics of the public sector as the science, which proceeding from the drawbacks of market, studies the necessity of public production, protection of the society from negative outer effects (externalizes), urgent problems of preservation of natural monopolies and correction of negative social results accompanying market economy. Public sector economics as educational discipline is widely implemented in universities, including post communist countries. © 2004 Bull. Georg. Acad. Sci.

Key words: public sector, civil society.