Meeting of the Center for Innovation and High Technology
- June 19, 2023
On June 13, 2023, at the regular meeting of the Center for Innovation and High Technologies, Professor Zaur Lomtatidze (Department of Microbiology of the Niko Ketskhoveli Institute of Botany at the University of Ilia and Sokhumi State University) delivered a report on the theme: “Soil microflora and its impact on climate change”. The speaker noted that the soil with its biochemical processes is an active regulator of the chemical composition of the atmosphere and hydrosphere. Biochemical processes in the soil are caused by many physiological groups of microorganisms living in it (saprophytes, microscopic fungi, actinomycetes, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, etc.). In this direction, the study of the physiological groups of different types of soil microflora of Eastern Georgia was conducted. It has been established that the soil type determines the abundance and species composition of individual taxa of microorganisms in the microbial cenoses inhabiting it. Soil microbial cenosis is dynamic, the abundance and species composition of individual taxa of microorganisms in its association mainly depend on changes in a number of physicochemical factors (soil pH, salinity, humidity, pressure, temperature, etc.) and anthropogenic load (atmospheric pollutants, fertilizers, means plant protection, xenobiotics, artificial reservoirs, etc.). Changes in the physicochemical factors in the soil lead to unnatural dominance of certain taxa of microorganisms in it, the uniformity of biochemical processes and, consequently, the variability of the microbiological activity of the soil, which is accompanied by an increase in the intensity of the release of carbon and nitrogen oxides from the soil into the atmosphere and, to a certain extent, the impact on climate change.
